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Zeng C, King DJ, Richardson M, Shan B. Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9(7):696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

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Zeng, C., King, D. J., Richardson, M., & Shan, B. (2017). Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing, 9(7), 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

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Abstract: High spatial resolution hyperspectral data often used in precision farming applications are not available from current satellite sensors, and difficult or expensive to acquire from standard aircraft. Alternatively, in precision farming, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are emerging as lower cost and more flexible means to acquire very high resolution imagery. Miniaturized hyperspectral sensors have been developed for UAVs, but the sensors, associated hardware, and data processing software are still cost prohibitive for use by individual farmers or small remote sensing firms. This study simulated hyperspectral image data by fusing multispectral camera imagery and spectrometer data. We mounted a multispectral camera and spectrometer, both being low cost and low weight, on a standard UAV and developed procedures for their precise data alignment, followed by fusion of the spectrometer data with the image data to produce estimated spectra for all the multispectral camera image pixels. To align the data collected from the two sensors in both the time and space domains, a post-acquisition correlation-based global optimization method was used. Data fusion, to estimate hyperspectral reflectance, was implemented using several methods for comparison. Flight data from two crop sites, one being tomatoes, and the other corn and soybeans, were used to evaluate the alignment procedure and the data fusion results. The data alignment procedure resulted in a peak R2 between the spectrometer and camera data of 0.95 and 0.72, respectively, for the two test sites. The corresponding multispectral camera data for these space and time offsets were taken as the best match to a given spectrometer reading, and used in modelling to estimate hyperspectral imagery from the multispectral camera pixel data. Of the fusion approaches evaluated, principal component analysis (PCA) based models and Bayesian imputation reached a similar accuracy, and outperformed simple spline interpolation. Mean absolute error (MAE) between predicted and observed spectra was 17% relative to the mean of the observed spectra, and root mean squared error (RMSE) was 0.028. This approach to deriving estimated hyperspectral image data can be applied in a simple fashion at very low cost for crop assessment and monitoring within individual fields. Keywords: UAV; data alignment; data fusion; precision farming; spectrometer; multispectral image

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This broadband anti-reflective (AR) coating is particularly designed for the ultra-violet (UV) region. It provides a low level of reflectance less than 0.5% ...

Zeng C, King DJ, Richardson M, Shan B. Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9(7):696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

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Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications.

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Zeng, C., King, D. J., Richardson, M., & Shan, B. (2017). Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sensing, 9(7), 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

Editor’s Choice articles are based on recommendations by the scientific editors of MDPI journals from around the world. Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal.

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Zeng, C.; King, D.J.; Richardson, M.; Shan, B. Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

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Zeng, Chuiqing, Douglas J. King, Murray Richardson, and Bo Shan. 2017. "Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing" Remote Sensing 9, no. 7: 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696

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Zeng, C.; King, D.J.; Richardson, M.; Shan, B. Fusion of Multispectral Imagery and Spectrometer Data in UAV Remote Sensing. Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 696. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070696