F*tan(theta) calculations are used in camera calibration processes, where distortion parameters are estimated for correcting captured images. Lens designers often utilize F*tan(theta) calculations during the design phase to predict and minimize distortion in the final lens. This helps create lenses with minimal image curvature and ensures accurate image reproduction.

The formula calculates the difference between the expected height of an object based on the sensor size and its actual distorted height based on the distortion values and field of view. This difference is then expressed as a percentage of the vertical sensor size to provide a measure of barrel distortion.

Ocular objectivevs magnification

Ocularlens magnification

F-Theta lenses are specifically designed to maintain a constant image size (or spot size for lasers) across a scan field. The F-Theta calculation helps ensure the accuracy of this constant size by measuring deviations from the ideal. These lenses are used in various applications like laser marking and engraving, laser cutting, 3D printing and LiDAR.

Optical distortion represents the overall distortion parameter of the optical system. F-Tan theta or optical distortion can be calculated using the following formula.

TV Distortion, as the name suggests, originated in the context of television applications. It can be calculated using the following formula:

F-Tan (Theta) method uses the tan(theta) relationship to calculate a reference height based on magnification, and the F(Theta) method uses F*theta (radians) to represent the ideal image point location based on its angular position.

Apr 12, 2024 — Yes, this angle-of-view calculator works for zoom and prime lenses. You can enter any single, specific focal length along the zoom range. For ...

Optical microscopes use a combination of objective and ocular lenses (eyepieces) for imaging. The observation magnification is the product of the magnifications of each of the lenses. This generally ranges from 10x to 1,000x with some models even reaching up to 2000x magnification.

In this blog, we break down distortion parameters in lens datasheets and the three ways in which distortion is represented.

Diagonal Field of View (FOV) at a Specific Image Distance: Values provided at different image distances (e.g., 124° @ 10mm)

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A lens to be mounted under the stage. This lens can adjust the amount of light to uniformly illuminate objects. It is useful for observation at high magnification. There are various types of condenser lenses, ranging from general "abbe condensers" to "achromatic condensers" that correct colour aberration.

Imagine a scene with a square grid. In barrel distortion, the grid would bulge outwards, making the squares appear wider on the edges. Meanwhile, in pincushion distortion, the grid would sink inwards, making the squares appear narrower on the edges. Mustache distortion would cause the grid lines to become wavy.

Ocular objectiveexample

The objective lens consists of several lenses to magnify an object and project a larger image. According to the difference of the focal distance, lenses of different magnifications are available, such as 4x, 10x, 40x, and 50x. In addition to the magnification, indexes to show the performance of an objective lens include the numerical aperture and the working distance. Light transmitted through a lens generates colour aberration (colour bleeding), which has a different refractive index according to the wavelength. To prevent this, the following lenses have been developed:

Neutral Density Filters, or ND Filters, are optical filters designed to reduce the intensity of all light passing through the filter without changing the ...

Objectivelens magnification

F(Theta) method focuses on the angular relationship between the ideal undistorted image point and the actual distorted image point without needing magnification information.

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Lens datasheets often include distortion information to help photographers and engineers understand how the lens behaves. Lens distortion refers to the phenomenon where straight lines in a scene appear curved in the final image. This happens because lenses don’t perfectly focus light from all parts of the field of view.

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Ocular objectivemicroscope

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Mathematically, distortion can be represented in three different ways in the lens datasheet; let us look at each of them in detail.

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The total observation magnification is represented by the product of the magnifications of the objective and ocular lenses. For example, an objective lens of 20x and an ocular lens of 10x make the total magnification 200x.A magnification of 1x refers to the status where an object is viewed with the eye from a distance of 250 mm. 250 mm is regarded as the distance that can be viewed most easily by the human eye. This is called the distance of distinct vision. The magnification of an ocular lens is obtained by dividing the distance of distinct vision by the focal length of the lens.

The F-Tan (Theta) method uses the tangent function to relate the angle to object size and magnification. Whereas the F(Theta) method focuses on the angular position of the image point relative to the centre. Both the methods require the focal length (F) and the diagonal FOV (degrees). But in the F(Theta) method the FOV in degrees is converted to radians.

A lens to be mounted on the observer side. The image magnified by the objective lens is further magnified by the ocular lens for observation. An ocular lens consists of one to three lenses and is also provided with a mechanism, called a field stop, that removes unnecessary reflected light and aberration.Different types are available according to the magnification they provide, such as 7x and 15x. In addition to magnification, the performance of a lens is represented by the field number, which shows the range of the field-of-view. As opposed to objective lenses, the higher the magnification of the ocular lens, the shorter the length. The following lenses are available according to the structure of the field stop or application:

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High powerobjectivelens

Objectivelens

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The F*tan(theta) method is a more general approach to calculating distortion. It’s often used for initial distortion assessment in various lenses, including photographic lenses. This method helps understand how straight lines deviate from their ideal positions due to distortion.

Beam traps are common laser lab safety devices designed to absorb laser beam energy. The Quick-Release Beam Trap offered here is optimized to accept CW laser ...

Objectivelens microscope function

It is important to clean a microscope of dirt, oil, and stains after use because the lens can easily catch dirt, fingerprints, or culture solution during operation.

Both methods can be used to estimate distortion, but they can be more applicable in certain situations. F-Tan (Theta) is preferred when the focus is on object size and magnification changes due to distortion. And the F(Theta) method is used to get the angular relationship of distorted image points without needing magnification information.

A negative value indicates barrel distortion (objects appear smaller towards the edges). In the above example, the calculation shows a higher barrel distortion (-39.5%) at a larger image distance (10mm). As the image distance decreases (9mm and 5mm), the distortion percentages become less negative, indicating a decrease in the barrel effect.

JE Harvey · 2019 · 170 — A diffraction grating is an optical element that imposes a periodic variation in the amplitude and/or phase of an incident electromagnetic wave.