After saving the images, you can use the powerful Halcon software to test and analyze your desired features on the images.

To adjust the focus of machine vision lenses, you can use the Pylon software. Clicking on the area of interest (in this case, the data code) will magnify the image using the magnifying glass in the Pylon software toolbar. Adjust the focus on the lens until the image has the maximum contrast. After adjusting the focus, the image will appear as shown below.

To reduce the image size, simply decrease the image height. Changing the image height from 960 to 630 will result in the image shown below.

This is the main version of the Balser software, allowing you to connect to cameras, adjust image brightness, save camera images, and perform various camera settings. Throughout this article, whenever Pylon software is mentioned, it refers to Pylon Viewer.

Brian O. Flynn, John C. Long, Matthew Parry-Hill, and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310.

Types ofaberrationinoptics

Chromaticaberrationinoptics

With Pylon software, you can easily connect to various Basler cameras. For example, to connect to a USB3 camera, simply connect the USB3 camera cable to your computer. As an example, we have connected a Basler dart USB3 camera to a laptop, as shown in the image below. Clicking on the camera twice will display the camera image, and you can perform various settings on the camera.

Lensaberrationexamples

Departures in lens action from the ideal conditions of optics are known as aberrations. Optical trains typically suffer from as many as five common aberrations: spherical, chromatic, curvature of field, comatic, and astigmatic.

If we want to capture an image of a product moving on a conveyor belt, we can use a sensor to detect the timing of image capture when the product is under the camera. We can then send the image capture command to the camera with a weak electrical signal. Industrial cameras can capture images using a weak electrical pressure signal.

One important feature in Pylon software is the ability to display image histograms, allowing you to adjust image brightness. To display the image histogram in Pylon software, click on the corresponding option in the toolbar, as shown in the image below. The histogram will then be displayed.

Difference between chromatic and monochromaticaberration

Discover an aberration-free meridional section of a point source of light located at a depth in the specimen layer having a refractive index and imaged with a virtual microscope objective.

To adjust the exposure time, simply enter its value in microseconds in the software. As an example, in the image below, the exposure time is set to 571 microseconds.

To reduce the image size in Pylon software, click on the “Stop” option in the toolbar to change the image dimensions. As visible in the image, you can remove the top and bottom parts of the box to reduce the image size.

Explore the relationship between astigmatism and comatic aberrations, and how astigmatism aberrations are manifested by the off-axis image of a specimen point appearing as a line or ellipse instead of a point.

Optical aberrations of the eye

Curvature of field in optical microscopy is an aberration that is familiar to most experienced microscopists. This artifact is the natural result of using lenses that have curved surfaces.

One important use of image histograms is adjusting image brightness. For more information on adjusting image brightness using the histogram chart, click here.

Astigmatismaberration

A demonstration on how internal lens elements in a high numerical aperture dry objective may be correctly adjusted with these varied cover glass thickness and dispersion fluctuations is featured in this tutorial.

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Adjusting the image brightness is done using the exposure time parameter. Exposure time indicates the duration during which the camera sensor absorbs light. Increasing the exposure time increases the image brightness, and if this parameter exceeds a certain value, the frame rate will decrease. More on the frame rate parameter will be explained later in the article.

Curvature of field in optical microscopy and how it is a common and annoying aberration that is familiar to most experienced microscopists is explained in this featured interactive tutorial.

Aberrations are divided into two main categories: errors that occur when polychromatic light (white light) is passed through a lens, and errors that are present when only a single wavelength (monochromatic) of light is utilized. The selected references listed in this section contain information about the cause and correction of the most common optical aberrations encountered with microscope and other lens systems. Bear in mind that the optical designer must correct for both polychromatic and monochromatic aberrations simultaneously in the production of well-corrected microscope objectives.

Sphericalaberration

An ideal microscope objective produces a symmetrical diffraction limited image of an Airy pattern from an infinitely small object point. The image plane is generally located at a fixed distance from the objective front lens in a medium of defined refractive index. Microscope objectives offered by the leading manufacturers have remarkably low degrees of aberrations and other imperfections, provided the appropriate objective is selected for the task and the objective is utilized properly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. It should be emphasized that objective lenses are not made to be perfect from every standpoint, but are designed to meet certain specifications depending on their intended use, constraints on physical dimensions, and price ranges.

Learn about the most serious of the monochromatic defects that occurs with microscope objectives, the spherical aberration, which causes the specimen image to appear hazy or blurred and slightly out of focus.

Explore the two most prevalent types of distortion, positive and negative, and how they can often be present in very sharp images that are otherwise corrected for spherical, chromatic, comatic, and astigmatic aberrations.

In Pylon software, turning on the Trigger mode allows the camera to capture images using an electrical signal; otherwise, images are captured continuously (like a video). Therefore, to adjust focus and image brightness, set Trigger mode to off. After adjusting the settings, if you want to capture images using a sensor command, set Trigger mode to on.

Learn about comatic aberrations and how they are mainly encountered with off-axis light fluxes and are most severe when the microscope is out of alignment, as well as the result of when these aberrations occur.

This software is used to configure the IP settings of network cameras, such as GigE cameras. Once the camera’s IP is configured using Pylon IP Configurator, the Pylon software (Pylon Viewer) will identify the camera.

Chromaticaberration

One crucial aspect to consider in industrial camera settings is the frames per second (FPS), indicating how many images the camera captures in one second. Increasing the exposure time will decrease this parameter.

Bina Pardazesh company with the brand name Vision System has a brilliant history in successfully carrying out industrial automation and quality control projects with machine vision. In line with the development of new technologies, this company has for the first time held non-attendance training courses on machine vision with specialized and industrial HALCON software.

Pylon software also provides a tool to adjust the focus, displaying the image focus level as a percentage. This tool indicates whether the lens is properly focused.

To test and analyze a product, you need to capture multiple images of it. With Pylon software, you can easily do this. To save images, click on the “Save Images” option in the toolbar and enter the image name.

Objectives are made with differing degrees of optical correction for both monochromatic (spherical, astigmatism, coma, distortion) and polychromatic aberrations, field size and flatness, transmission wavelengths, freedom from fluorescence, birefringence and other factors contributing to background noise. Depending upon the degree of correction, objectives are generally classified as achromats, fluorites, and apochromats, with a plan designation added to lenses with low curvature of field and distortion. This section addresses some of the more common optical aberrations that are commonly found (and often corrected) in microscope objectives.

Learn more about chromatic aberrations and how when white light passes through a simple or complex lens system, the component wavelengths are refracted according to their frequency.

To access this feature, select the option shown in the image from the toolbar. Then, use the black box shown in the image to define the desired area. Adjust the lens focus until the number displayed in the Pylon software reaches its maximum.

For microscope objectives having apertures, the optical properties and thickness of the medium lying between the front lens element and the specimen affect the calculations necessary to correct for image aberrations.

This software is used to configure the connection of USB cameras and displays any errors related to the camera connection.

With this software, you can adjust the image size to your desired dimensions. In most cases, reducing the image size increases the image capture speed.

Basler is one of the most reputable brands in industrial camera manufacturing. The company provides Pylon software for configuring and working with its cameras. With Pylon software, you can easily connect to various Basler cameras, adjust image brightness, determine image dimensions, specify the camera’s image capture type, and perform various camera settings.