The graphs below represent calculated GVD and TOD values for prisms separated by a distance (d) of 10 mm and with an angle of incidence equivalent to the Brewster angle of the material (ΘB, see Specs tab for approximate values).

What is the purpose of theobjectivelens in a lightmicroscope

ApplicationsPrism pairs such as these have multiple applications. They can be used to create an optical filter; simply insert a knife edge to attenuate the short- or long-wavelength components. If the prism pair is placed inside a laser resonator, they can be used for wavelength tuning. Alternatively, prism pairs can be used for dispersion compensation. Each time light passes through the optical elements within a laser cavity, positive (commonly referred to as normal) dispersion occurs. The prism pair also contributes positive dispersion. However, this positive dispersion is somewhat offset by the extra distance that the longer wavelengths travel through the second prism (refer to the figure to the right). With a careful choice of prism pair geometry it is possible to create negative (commonly referred to as anomalous) dispersion that compensates for all other elements within the cavity.

Thorlabs offers a wide selection of optics optimized for use with femtosecond and picosecond laser pulses. Please see below for more information.

Double prism configuration and birefringent calcite produce a polarizer with the widest field of view while maintaining a high extinction ratio.

What does theobjectivelens doonamicroscope

These objective lens can be used for machining with YAG lasers. A single objective can be used for all three harmonic wavelengths: 2nd HG, 3rd HG, and 4th HG. Multi-wavelength objectives are infinity corrected and have long working distances.

Leicaobjective

The graphs below represent calculated Group Velocity Dispersion and Third-Order Dispersion values for prism pairs with a separation distance of 10 mm. Please see the Tutorial tab for more information.

By rotating one wedged prism, light can be steered to trace the circle defined by 2 times the specified deviation angle.

The first, second, and third derivatives of the accumulated phase with respect to frequency are proportional to the Group Delay (GD), the Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD) and the Third-Order Dispersion (TOD) of the prism pair, respectively.

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Objectivelens

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s-pol. and p-pol. are displaced by 2.7 or 4.0 mm. Beam displacing prisms can be used as polarizing beamsplitters where 90o separation is not possible.

As can be demonstrated through Fourier analysis, ultrashort pulses (small Δt) innately possess a broadband frequency spectrum (large Δf). However, due to the wavelength-dependent nature of the index of refraction, longer wavelengths travel faster through an optical material than short wavelengths. Consequently, femtosecond pulses are subject to pulse broadening as a result of group velocity dispersion (GVD). These effects can be reversed by using a prism pair such as those offered here to provide a negative dispersive system in order to shorten the duration of an ultrashort laser pulse.

The apex angle in the ULD prism pairs is chosen such that the input and output angles are both near Brewster's Angle (ΘB) in order to minimize the reflection of p-polarized light.

What is the job of theobjectivelenses

These reflective microscope objective lenses eliminate chromatic aberration over a wide bandwidth from the UV to the MWIR. They are typically used in microscope-spectrometry and failure-analysis applications in the semiconductor industry.

Opticalmicroscope

These objectives are designed with compensation for cover glass-thickness aberrations, making it possible to realize ideal beam spot size and quality while processing thorough a cover glass. These objective lenses can be used for laser repair processing for LCD or OLED modules.

When both wedges are rotated, the beam can be moved anywhere within the circle defined by 4 times the specified deviation angle.

Lumenmicroscope

Thorlabs offers a wide variety of prisms, which can be used to reflect, invert, rotate, disperse, steer, and collimate light. For prisms and substrates not listed below, please contact Tech Support.

Visible objective lenses are available in standard and long working distance (LWD) versions. Chromatic aberration and infinity correction is available with LWD types. The objective will allow user to focus a visible laser or perform microscopic observation of objects from a distance.

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Single prism configuration and birefringent calcite separate an input beam into two orthogonally polarized output beams.

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where the variables ω, d, Θf, and Θfshort correspond to frequency, prism separation, exit angle (frequency dependent), and exit angle of the shortest transmitted wavelength, respectively.

These UV objective lens are infinity corrected and can be used for laser machining with pulsed 3rd and 4th harmonic YAG Lasers. Chromatic aberration is suppressed in both the visible and UV laser wavelength, achieving a high transmittance. Available with glass thickness compensation.

where the variables n, ΘB, and α correspond to the frequency-dependent refractive index of the prism material, angle of incidence with the surface of the first prism, and apex angle of the prism, respectively.

Dispersion-Compensating Prism PairAn ultrafast-laser-dispersing prism pair with apex angle α and separation d can be used to spatially disperse different wavelength components and introduce wavelength-dependent phase changes. To learn more, please see the Tutorial tab.

s-pol. and p-pol. deviate symmetrically from the prism. Wollaston prisms are used in spectrometers and polarization analyzers.

Objectivelensmicroscope

To achieve the specified GVD values while also maximizing transmission, light should be incident on the first prism at Brewster's Angle (ΘB). As shown in the schematic above, the first prism is used to separate the various wavelength components. Then, a second prism is positioned such that the various wavelengths of refracted light rays will propagate parallel to each other upon exiting. Furthermore, by including another pair of prisms (4 prisms total), the final rays can be made to propagate collinearly with each other as well as with the path of the incident rays [1]. This feature can be particularly useful when installing a dispersion compensator into an existing optical system.

The broadband frequency spectrum of ultrashort laser pulses brings rise to the necessity for dispersion compensation. Whenever an ultrashort pulse passes through a positive dispersive material, the pulse becomes “stretched” due to the frequency dependency of the refractive index of a material. In order to maintain pulse shape and duration, a negative dispersive system is required. While there are various methods for producing dispersion control, such as grating pairs or chirped mirrors; prism pairs offer a simple, tunable, and low loss solution for dispersion compensation. Through adjusting the relative geometry of the prism pair, the dispersion can be adjusted from positive through negative values. Please see below for sample results.

These Dispersion-Compensating Prism Pairs are designed to compensate for the pulse broadening effects that occur in ultrafast laser systems without introducing significant power losses. Four large-index-of-refraction prism materials are offered to provide various group velocity dispersion (GVD) values, thereby compensating for different pulse dispersion conditions.

IR objective lens have high numerical apertures and are infinity corrected. They are used for laser machining with pulsed fundamental-harmonic YAG Lasers. Chromatic aberration is suppressed in the visible laser wavelength, achieving a high transmittance. Available with glass thickness compensation.