A.   From the Wageningen study, we know that leaf temp. in top of the crop will be higher under clear glass than diffuse glass. Especially we has noticed the peak around 12:00 to 14:00, temperature will over 32 degree centigrade which had already surpass the comfort growing temperature of most of crops. This will directly cause 2hrs slow growing/stop growing every day at the noon.

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By etching technology, a 100nm thick silicon dioxide layer will be formed out of glass surface, thus changing the optical performance of the glass surface, reducing the reflective rate, which all leads to the improvement of transmittance. As this layer is etched in glass itself rather than coated on it, so it’s stable and can last a longer period of time than general coating or Sol-Gel technology.

Thanks to YUHUA etching technology, the light transmittance can be increased from 91.5% t0 97.5% and above, which means additional 10% sunshine can get into greenhouse throughout the day.

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Comparing with other covering materials which may need diffuse coating to realize the diffuse function. AR is a coating technology to increase the HLT, as a plus choice can be applied on the glass surface without materials no other coating, due to the glass realize the diffuse function by diffuse structure on the glass surface.

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After etched by solution, a layer of 100nm, refractive index 1.25 will be formed out of glass shape, thus can reduce the refractive rate by 3% in each side of the glass.

It is common sense that time is valuable, especially in the greenhouse construction stage, the earlier greenhouse is put into use, the earlier to have harvest. YUHUA Glass with its 1000ha/year production capacity and professional exporting team ensures a shorter and guaranteed delivery time.

With full quality assurance system from raw glass production to the final AR glass production, all the production procedures are well monitored and controlled by QA/QC inspector. The quality test in AR etching process will be carried out on an hourly basis

B.    From the Wageningen study, we also know that leaf temperature under diffuse glass -2 to +2 degree centigrade is steadier than clear glass -2 to +6 degree centigrade. Which means it is harder to control the climate & irrigation system under clear glass. Normally we need to control the air temperature slightly higher（2-3 degree centigrade） than the leaf temperature(keep around 30 degree centigrade to most of the crop) to keep the crop at a relatively good & steady growing rate. Under clear glass it becomes harder as the + temperature will surpass the comfortable growing temperature zone.

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In cases about greenhouses, sunlight is the light source which is very far from the crop which cannot generate the soft light without a layer of materials can handling the light, the shadows slowdown the deeper plant’s growing. This is why we will use diffuse material on the roof of greenhouses to make the sunlight spot bigger (how much bigger depends on the haze) instead of just let them passing the material in vertical farming, it guarantees the deeper crops grows as faster as the top of the crops.

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YUHUA Glass provides the growers worldwide with full range of diffused glass from Haze 0 to Haze 75. Thanks to years of experiences in greenhouse industry, we realize only the right combination of light transmission and light scattering can boost more yield.

Apparently，Soft light is benefits more in vertical farming which allows the light penetrating into the deeper crops，due to soft light makes fewer shadow under the projected subject. Under a certain condition, which might be the distance from projected subjects or the size of the light source, shadow will be relatively eliminated behind the projected subject. This is why the plants implemented in the greenhouse will be restricted from its vertical height.

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All in all, in the greenhouse case, with a certain distance the roof material shall handle the spot sunlight into a bigger size diffused light to guarantee the vertical sunshine allocation along with the top surface of the crop to accelerate the growing rate and quality increasing.

As a developed technology, AR helps increase the HLT under a fixed solution of glass. Which means nomatter when the AR is a plus option to help your crops growth,. AR is a must when the greenhouse design face a critical situation which is that the HLT is relatively lower for taking care of the vertical depth light allocation.

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Generally to say，Haze is the index of duffision light，the higher the haze is the larger the light spot had been diffused. How much larger is actually related with the greenhouse designed size and height of roof. Actually it is much complex, as HLT affects the crops output( 1% HLT increase, 0.8% tomato output increase for example due to the Wageningen study) .It will be an organized consideration how to give the the maximum HLT to crops along with the minimized diffusion light enough to take care of the vertical depth as the higher the haze index is, the lower the HLT will be.