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Sensor sizes are expressed in inches notation because at the time of the popularization of digital image sensors they were used to replace video camera tubes. The common 1" circular video camera tubes have a rectangular photo sensitive area about 16 mm diagonal, so a digital sensor with a 16 mm diagonal size is a 1" video tube equivalent. The name of a 1" digital sensor should more accurately be read as "one inch video camera tube equivalent" sensor. Current digital image sensor size descriptors are the video camera tube equivalency size, not the actual size of the sensor. For example, a 1" sensor has a diagonal measurement of 16 mm.[26][27]

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Due to inch-based sensor formats being not standardized, their exact dimensions may vary, but those listed are typical.[29] The listed sensor areas span more than a factor of 1000 and are proportional to the maximum possible collection of light and image resolution (same lens speed, i.e., minimum F-number), but in practice are not directly proportional to image noise or resolution due to other limitations. See comparisons.[31][32] Film format sizes are included for comparison. The following comparison is with respect to the aspect ratio of 4:3. The application examples of phone or camera may not show the exact sensor sizes.

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Machine Vision Direct is an authorized distributor of Smart Vision Lights, a leading industrial machine vision lighting supplier. When you contact us, our engineers answer the phone and are more than happy to assist you in picking the vision system or accessories that best suit your system. You can even send us application images and details to have us assist in picking out an appropriate vision system.

Sizes are often expressed as a fraction of an inch, with a one in the numerator, and a decimal number in the denominator. For example, 1/2.5 converts to 2/5 as a simple fraction, or 0.4 as a decimal number. This "inch" system brings a result approximately 1.5 times the length of the diagonal of the sensor. This "optical format" measure goes back to the way image sizes of video cameras used until the late 1980s were expressed, referring to the outside diameter of the glass envelope of the video camera tube. David Pogue of The New York Times states that "the actual sensor size is much smaller than what the camera companies publish – about one-third smaller." For example, a camera advertising a 1/2.7" sensor does not have a sensor with a diagonal of 0.37"; instead, the diagonal is closer to 0.26".[28][29][30] Instead of "formats", these sensor sizes are often called types, as in "1/2-inch-type CCD."

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