The noise level is defined as the small but random fluctuations in the data after the background signal has been subtracted. When there are very few particles in the system, it will not essentially differ from the background, which means, poor signal-to-noise ratio.

Laserspotsize

In this case, the result will appear smaller than it should. Generally speaking, particles diffract light away from the incident direction. When an incident light hits multiple particles, it would be further away from the incident direction, meaning a wider diffracted angle. Wider angle is correlated with smaller particle size.

The obscuration value is located on the top-left corner in the software. The green bar varies with the sample concentration inside the system. It turns orange when its value exceeds the pre-set range, which will be excluded by the software.

Spotsizeoflaserbeam formula

There is also a lower limit of the sample concentration to make sure that every measurement we take it gets a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio.

Laserspotsizedefinition

When it comes to sample prep, the #1 thing to be considered is sample concentration, or oftentimes, dilution. Here we will talk about wet analysis and what you would need to understand regarding sample concentrations.

Laser sizecalculator

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When introducing samples into the measuring system, the go-to indicators on Mastersizer 3000 is the “Obscuration”. The obscuration is the decrease in laser energy received in the center of the detector.

“We need to characterize particle size distribution quickly and statically. The estimated size range falls into that covered by laser diffraction. Now what?”

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The angular-dependent profile of the scattered light is directly determined by the particle size and its optical properties. Therefore, the particle size is calculated from the light patterns detected by the instrument. But pay attention here. There is a key assumption – “single scattering event (SSE)”. In other words, the algorithm assumes that the incident light only hits one particle before it is detected. If the particle concentration is too high, then the incident light will interact with multiple particles before it finally gets to the detector. This detected light properties (angle, intensity) will be misunderstood by the instrument – it still thinks it only hits one particle