Our microscope objective lenses include a variety of infinity-corrected visible imaging objectives, reflective microscope objectives for broadband applications, ...

Know this: When more objects are in focus, it also means more potential distractions. You will have to consider the composition more carefully.

These two images were captured from the same shooting position by zooming in from 35mm to 105mm. The magnification from the longer focal length makes the depth of field look shallower. The opposite is true, too: wide-angle lenses naturally provide a deeper depth of field even at wider apertures.

A comparator is like a switch. Useful for when you need to convert moving voltages into binary low/high states. They can be useful for 'flipping a switch' when ...

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Our eyes tend prioritise objects that appear sharp and in-focus. Therefore, controlling the depth of field is an important skill that can help us achieve better pictures and even help with storytelling. This applies to both photography and cinematography.

Just one of the metal posts is in focus. To get more of the posts in focus while shooting from this angle, we would need a larger depth of field.

If you prefer to use a shallow depth of field, Canon’s reliable deep learning-based AF tracking should help keep the subject in focus. Here are 5 Tips for Better Subject Detection and Tracking to increase your keeper shots!

Changing factors 2-4 will also change the framing and perspective, affecting composition. For more details and examples, keep scrolling.

Stage microscopefunction

A shallow depth of field blurs out (“simplifies”) the leaves in the background and foreground so our attention is mainly on the flower. A larger depth of field makes us notice the leaves that surround the flower too.

The lens was closer to the fence in the first image. This also makes the background closer (and look larger), magnifying the out of focus blur.

Remember our “glass box” of focus? Unless you are using the tilt function on a tilt-shift lens, it is always parallel to the image sensor plane (and your lens’ tip).  If you tilt your camera or shoot a subject from a different angle, you can change what is inside the “glass box” without changing the depth of field.

The objective lens, on the other hand, looms over your subject, typically near the middle of the microscope. This is because the objective lens is responsible for gathering light reflections from your subject. It then shoots a beam of light into the microscope, which becomes an image that you observe from the eyepiece containing the ocular lens.

Everyone knows that microscopes are a crucial tool in science, but few realize how versatile and adaptable they can be. Thanks to the variance in lenses, microscopes can serve all kinds of purposes for all kinds of people, from the doctor identifying cancer cells to the child wanting to get a closer look at their favorite bug. Once you know how all of the optical elements work together, like the ocular lens vs objective lens, it's easy to maximize the efficiency of your microscope.

Video Gain is a camera setting that allows the video signal to be altered to increase the apparent brightness or exposure of a digital video signal.

At f/1.8, only some of the green and red sticks are in focus. Everything else is blurred out. When we increase the depth of field by using a higher f-number, more of the scene is in-focus.

Only a thin strip of fabric is in focus in this close-up shot. That’s why focusing can be so challenging during close-up and macro photography!

Types ofobjectivelenses

There are four main types of objective lenses, each with a different diameter of field of view, and therefore a different magnification level:

The objective and ocular lens are found on different parts of the microscope. The ocular lens is part of the eyepiece and therefore closer to your eye as you look into the microscope. The location of the eyepiece always indicates the correct observing position at or near the top of the microscope.

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The next time you see a photo you like or watch a movie or drama, consider how the photographer or cinematographer uses depth of field. Is it shallow or deep? What does it show or hide? How does it help to tell the story? This is often a deliberate choice, especially in cinematography.

In video and filmmaking, changes to the depth of field and focus point are recorded. You can use these transitions creatively to determine how the story unfolds. That’s also a way to add movement to your shot without camera movement!

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The Program AE mode, a semi-automatic mode where the camera automatically sets the aperture and shutter speed, enables you to shoot quickly to capture sudden photographic opportunities, and yet still retain creative control over other settings such as white balance.

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This may accompany “focus pulling” or “focus racking”, i.e., moving the focus from one object in the frame to another. Focus racking transitions are more obvious when the depth of field is shallow.

The camera will close the aperture blades according to your aperture setting even when metering. It might affect focusing especially in low light situations as less light enters the camera.

The microscope is one of the most iconic and commonly used tools in many scientific fields. We rely on these devices to observe things that are so small that they are otherwise invisible to the naked eye. To do this, the microscope makes use of both an ocular and an objective lens. If you don't know the difference, don't worry; this article will tell you everything you need to know about these two lens types and how they function together to make microscopes work.

While it may initially seem redundant to have two separate lenses in your microscope, they do far more together than they ever could on their own.

When taking photographs, you want to have a good grasp of shutter speed and its effects on your photographs. What kind of effects can you create with a faster or slower shutter speed? Let us examine the effects of different shutter speeds with the help of the following examples. (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

Exposure is one of the major factors that can make or break a picture. Let us talk about how we can go about make best use of exposure to get the best results from a shot (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

Oil immersionobjectivemicroscopefunction

Your objective lens isn't just for increasing the size of your subject; it can also provide better resolution. For example, achromatic lenses contain two smaller lenses (convex and concave) that are used to limit the refracting light of your subject, and phase-contrast lenses use phase plates to pick up miniscule changes in wavelength amplitude, making moving subjects easier to observe. Lenses like these help reduce ghost images so that the real image is projected to your eyepiece.

You can think of it as like your lens projecting a huge glass container parallel to it. The glass container changes position depending on where you place your focus, but it is always parallel to the lens. Objects inside this glass container appear sharp and in-focus, whereas those outside it appear blurrier the further they are from the container.

Step 2 From the list, select the button that you want to make your “Depth-of-field preview” shortcut and configure it accordingly.

Deep focus If the glass container is so thick that most of the scene is in acceptable focus from the front to the back, we say that the depth of field is “large” or “deep”. This is known as a deep focus shot.

The stage on a microscope is the platform where the specimen being observed is placed. It is usually equipped with clips or a mechanical stage to hold the ...

High power objective functionmicroscope

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By default, your camera previews the exposure (image brightness) but not the depth of field. That’s related to full-aperture metering, where regardless of your aperture setting, the aperture blades are always fully open until right before you take the picture, allowing them to take in as much light information as possible. What you see in your rear LCD screen or electronic viewfinder is a simulation from the image processor.

The first thing to consider when taking photographs with a digital camera is the effect that the aperture can have on your pictures. How will the photograph finish change depending on the aperture is widened or narrowed? In this article, we study the effects of varying apertures on depth-of-field by comparing several examples, and learn about the concept of f-stops. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

If you are shooting close-ups or using a telephoto lens, you would have to use a narrower aperture than usual to get a deeper depth of field. If you are shooting stills of a static subject, you might even want to consider focus bracketing and depth compositing to achieve the desired depth of field.

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ISO speed plays an equally important role as aperture and shutter speed in its effect on exposure. Now let us learn more about the advantages and disadvantages of turning up the ISO speed. (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

In contrast, your microscope's eyepiece will usually have only one ocular lens, though you can usually swap the eyepiece as well. The standard magnification level of the ocular lens is 10x, but there are stronger ones available. When selecting an eyepiece, you should think about eye relief, or the required distance between your eyes and the lens. Eyepieces with large eye relief give you some space, while those with small eye relief require you to be up close.

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The implementation of Dual Pixel CMOS AF in Canon's latest camera models have vastly improved shooting conditions in Live View. Live View, which features fast AF speed that measures up to viewfinder AF, is gradually becoming the choice method of shooting for many photographers. In the following, we will explain more about the characteristics of Live View. (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

Figuring out the total magnification power of your microscope is easy: just multiply the power of your objective lens by your ocular lens. For instance, if your eyepiece has 10x magnification and you're using a low-power lens (10x), you have 100x magnification in total. Switch to your scanning lens (4x), and magnification becomes 40x. It's important to keep in mind that the ocular lens and objective lens total magnification is ultimately what you're viewing. If you were viewing your subject through a single lens, then that lens would have to be extremely powerful to match what you can easily get with both. Therefore, one lens isn't nearly as effective without the other.

Learn more about this important concept that can aid composition and storytelling in both photography and cinematography.

Oil immersionobjective

Shutter-priority AE mode is a shooting mode that is useful for when you want to ‘freeze’ subjects in action, or conversely, photograph moving subjects with motion blur. Read on to find out how you can use it! (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

Scanningobjectivelens

Shallow focus If the glass container is thin, we say the depth of field is “shallow” or “narrow”.  Only a small part of the scene is in focus while everything else in front of and behind is blurred (turned into bokeh). This is also known as a shallow focus shot.

Often, your microscope will have at least three objective lenses on a rotating disc, each with a different magnification level. If you find your current lens lacking, it's easy to switch to one of the others. Objective lenses with higher magnification have shorter focal lengths, or less space between the lens and the surface of the subject. Since depth of field decreases as magnification increases, those wanting a broader field of view should stick to shorter lenses. For example, if your current objective lens has 100x magnification but you need a wider field of view, you'll want to switch to a lens with lower magnification, such as 40x.

50mm, f/2.5 Only the tart is in focus. Everything else is blurred out, indicating that the tart is the subject of the image.

The position and angle are two elements that greatly influence the outcome of your photos. Since they have such a significant impact, varying them ensures that you will be able to get a different effect in your photos. In the following, we go over 3 points each in relation to the position and the angle. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

When shooting moving subjects, consider using a larger depth of field so that the subject is more likely to stay in the in-focus area even as it moves around. The easiest way to do it without changing the composition is to narrow the aperture (use a larger f-number).

Phase detection AF (also known as phase-difference detection AF) is the autofocus system used in viewfinder shooting on DSLR cameras. Its main feature lies in its rapid autofocusing speed. In the following, we will explain more about phase detection AF, and how Canon’s Dual Pixel CMOS AF utilizes the latest AF technology to enable phase detection AF even in Live View. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

Some cameras like the EOS R6 Mark II have a default depth of field preview button, but you can reassign the function to another button. On other cameras, you will have to decide which button to use.

The one thing that enables the photographer to convey his photographic intent to the viewer is establishing the focus. What are the secrets to establishing the best focus? Let’s find out more about the special features of autofocus (AF) and manual focus (MF). (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

White balance is a feature that ensures that the colour white is reproduced accurately regardless of the type of lighting under which a photo is taken. At a very basic level, it is common to use the Auto White Balance setting. However, this setting is no one-size-fits-all solution. For a white balance setting that best suits the lighting source, choose one of the preset white balance settings on your camera.(Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

If you want control over both the aperture and the shutter speed, Manual exposure mode is the way to go. It might be quite a tough mode to conquer for a beginner, but also can be very convenient to achieve certain shooting intentions. In this final article in our Camera Basics series, we take a closer look at this mode and what it can be used for. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

Want to create photographs with a lovely background blur (bokeh effect), or perhaps ensure that everything in the image remains in focus? The Aperture-priority AE mode is a convenient mode to use for achieving those effects. Let’s look at this mode in closer detail. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

There are many other kinds of objective lenses out there, so you have no shortage of options. Do some research and find out which lens best suits your needs and goals.

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Tip: Also notice how when we step away from the subject, the framing and perspective changes although the focal length is the same.

The metering function measures the brightness of a subject and decides how much exposure is best for the photo. Let’s take a look at each metering mode available, and get a better idea of which of them to use is best to use under which conditions/scene. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

Objectivelens magnification

That’s why full-frame cameras create “more intense bokeh” and APS-C and compact cameras give more depth of field. Sensor size affects the focal length you use to achieve a given field of view. (Learn more in: Full-Frame vs APS-C Camera: Which Should I Choose?)

Depth of field (DOF) describes the distance between the nearest and furthest points from the camera that appear to be acceptably in focus (“in-focus area”).

With the Picture Style function, you can adjust the colour tone and the contrast to enhance the charm and appeal of the subject. By selecting the perfect Picture Style setting, you can get perfect results in expressing your shooting intent in a vivid photo. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

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In both images, we placed the focus point on the tip of the strawberry. At f/1.8, everything else is out of focus and blurred out; at f/16, everything else is clearer.  (We kept the same focus point for easier comparison. In practice, shifting the focus point to the cream would help us get more in focus with a slightly wider aperture.)

When it comes to shooting, a vital part of the camera is the viewfinder. Nowadays, there are cameras that do not come with viewfinders, only with Live View shooting. However, as you get more experienced with photography, you will realise how much shooting with a viewfinder can affect your photos. In this article, we take a closer look at the viewfinder. (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

Mediumpower objectivemicroscopefunction

Exposure compensation is a function you can use to change the exposure set by the camera (camera-determined correct exposure) into something of your own preference. Here, we find out more about the function, and learn how to identify subjects that require positive or negative exposure compensation along the way. (Reported by: Tomoko Suzuki)

Learn more about depth of field and related techniques in: In Focus: Aperture Settings for Various Scenes What is the difference between an f/2.8 and an f/4 telephoto zoom lens? Portrait Photography: 3 Aperture Settings Favoured by Professional Photographers 4 Lens Concepts to Revolutionise Your Photos How to Create Dreamy, Colourful Portraits with Foreground Bokeh

For example, slowly increase the depth of field of a shallow focus shot to unveil objects in the background, or vice versa:

When establishing focus on a subject, it is vitally important to anticipate the subject’s movement and capture it at the right moment. This means it is essential to know the appropriate autofocus (AF) mode to use for a stationary subject, and which to use when the subject is moving. Let us take a closer look at the 3 types of AF modes. (Reported by Tomoko Suzuki)

One classic Hollywood movie known for its use of deep focus shots in story development is Citizen Kane(Cinematographer: Gregg Tolland; Director: Orson Welles), especially in this iconic scene.

The idea is to focus your attention through the magnifying lens, the same way you look through eyeglasses. If you normally wear glasses, you will need to keep ...

Step 2 Select “Exposure+DOF” and then press the SET button. Your camera will now display a preview both the actual brightness and depth of field according to your exposure settings.

This is why a microscope is such a good investment for anyone interested in science. If you want to understand and examine the world around you, there's no better tool. AmScope's selection is built to last, and we carry all kinds of objective lenses as well, so a microscope from us will serve you well for many years.