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Adding other elements to the diamond-like carbon is called "doping." Just like impurities in diamonds can change properties such as color, adding other materials can adjust the properties of these coatings, making it possible to tune the color, conductivity, hardness, wear resistance, friction, and many other properties.

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We can adjust these properties for different applications, optimizing them to specific needs for improving components' appearance, performance, and durability in many industries (if you are interested in using DLC on firearms, visit our Firearms coating page). Let’s back up and talk about what makes the carbon in DLC so unique.

The Certificate will consist of 20 credit hours of which 12 credit hours will be required courses. Students interested in pursuing this Certificate should contact an ECE/PHOE certificate advisor (Professors Duree, Granieri, Alisafaee, Reza, Joenathan, Siahmakoun).

Rose-Hulman has become a leader in providing opportunities for students to choose a great mainstream degree program with flexibility to specialize in other areas of interest. This leadership is in no way limited to only traditional areas of study. One of these new areas that had a high impact in technology is optical communications. It is a rapidly growing field requiring investment beyond the traditional program structure, and is well suited to the students at Rose-Hulman All these topics are closely related to well established disciplines as optics and electronics. Considerable R&D efforts are allocated in both university and industrial laboratories enhancing the demand for both researchers and engineers with expertise in the field.

An ability to apply engineering design to produce solutions that meet specified needs with consideration of public health, safety, and welfare, as well as global, cultural, social, environmental, and economic factors

The science of light, once confined to research labs and science fiction novels, has found its way into our everyday lives. The applications of optics can be seen everywhere. A list of more common examples of these applications include laser printers, fiber optic communication, internet switches, fiber optic telephone lines, compact disc players, credit cards bearing holograms, grocery checkout scanners, computers and eye surgery. The field of optics is an enabling technology and is growing at a rapid pace. Optical techniques are found in a wide range of areas such as surveying and construction, measurements of material parameters and deformation, flow measurements, communications, machine vision, laser cutting, drilling and welding, data storage, internet switches, optical computers and sensors etc. Surveys show that there is a growing demand for optical designers/scientists/ engineers every year. Opportunities for graduates in Optical Engineering are available in many industries, including automated inspection, consumer electronics, fiber optic communications, optical instrumentation, laser devices, radar systems, data storage etc.

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There are many different acronyms and abbreviations for different types of DLC coatings, and there are often several ways to refer to the same kind of coating. This is where DLC coatings can get confusing, so I’ve broken it down in an easy-to-understand chart.

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An ability to identify, formulate, and solve complex engineering problems by applying principles of engineering, science, and mathematics

If you think one of these Diamond-Like Carbon coatings might suit you and your product, contact Vapor Technologies, Inc. We can help you cut through the mystique of all the variations and develop a coating solution specific to your product needs. We often have people ask us, “What is DLC coating?” And we hope we’ve provided the answers you need. You can also access more information about VT-Diamond coatings on our DLC coatings page.

An ability to function effectively on a team whose members together provide leadership, create a collaborative and inclusive environment, establish goals, plan tasks, and meet objectives

MinorThe course requirements and advisors for Minors in Optical Engineering, Solid State Physics/Materials Science, and Electronics are listed below. Successful completion of a Minor is indicated on the student’s grade transcript. A student interested in pursuing a minor should consult with the appropriate advisor.

Minor in Optical Engineering(Eligibility: students in any degree program, except programs where Optical Engineering is designated as one of the majors.)Advisors: Drs. Alisafaee, Duree, Granieri, Joenathan, Reza, Siahmakoun, and Wagner.

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Students majoring in degree programs other than Optical Engineering are eligible to obtain an area minor in Optical Engineering.

The optical engineering program is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET, https://www.abet.org, under the commission’s General Criteria and Program Criteria for Optical, Photonic, and Similarly Named Engineering Programs.

We propose the creation of a new certificate program in Optical Communications to enhance the programs currently offered. Combining expertise in Optical and Electrical Engineering, this program requires an interdisciplinary emphasis that is beyond the traditional content of either of its parent programs. This program is more than just the creation of the certificate program Optical Communications. This program will be critical to help developing a more interdisciplinary interaction for students and faculty. The creation of a workgroup within the faculty of both departments will coordinate current courses and resources, create new courses of interest for the field, and develop a showcase testbed education and research laboratory. Primary objectives include the removal of redundancy from existing courses, increasing interaction between the PHOE and ECE Departments, and improving opportunities for students in the field.

The chart shows just a few examples of naming conventions. For DLCs, the metal is often specified using its atomic abbreviation in place of the ‘Me’ (e.g., W-DLC or a-C:Ti). The types can also be combined, for example, metal-doped hydrogenated DLC (Me-C:H). Often, a DLC name includes a number that represents the atomic percentage of hydrogen or metal doping. The variations continue, but it doesn’t need to be that complicated. Now, the next time someone mentions DLC, you will know the answer to: “What is diamond-like carbon?”

This certificate is designed to give the student a firm theoretical and practical working knowledge in the area of fiber optic devices, optical communications, networks and its applications. The main purpose is to couch these fundamentals in a context that serves as the backbone for device, components and sub-system development for use in high-speed optical data and information links and networks. At the end of the program the student will be expected to:

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You may view all information regarding Physics and Optical Engineering at our website: https://www.rose-hulman.edu/academics/academic-departments/physics-and-optical-engineering/index.html

Carbon (atomic symbol C) has some exciting and valuable properties. In one form, it makes up graphite, a very soft, black, conductive material made of layers that slide easily relative to one another. Pencil ‘leads’ are made of graphite because it glides easily and is soft enough to leave behind residue on paper.

The Department of Physics and Optical Engineering also offers an M.S. (Optical Engineering) degree. The masters level degree program complements the B.S. (Optical Engineering) degree program. Highly motivated students may obtain both a B.S. and an M.S. in Optical Engineering in a five-year period. A plan of study for this program must be approved by the end of the student’s junior year.

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In materials and finishes, Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC), also called amorphous carbon (a-C), isn't one coating but an entire category of coating materials. DLC has properties that change depending on the bonding of the carbon atoms and the presence or lack of other materials in the coatings. These materials include hydrogen, silicon, or metals. Generally, DLC is known for:

An ability to recognize ethical and professional responsibilities in engineering situations and make informed judgments, which must consider the impact of engineering solutions in global, economic, environmental, and societal contexts

Elective Courses (two from the list)Only courses not required for the student’s major will count for electives in the certificate.

An ability to develop and conduct appropriate experimentation, analyze and interpret data, and use engineering judgment to draw conclusions

Diamond, on the other hand, has all four electrons forming molecular bonds with other carbon atoms.  These carbon atoms form a three-dimensional tetrahedral shape via sp3 bonding.  The carbon atoms pack together tightly inside the diamond crystal, and the bonds are quite strong.  The result is the hard, clear crystal we are familiar with, formed deep within the earth or in a laboratory under extremely high pressures.

On the other hand, diamonds are also made of carbon. Diamond is clear, electrically insulating, and extremely hard: the hardest naturally occurring material on earth. We use small diamonds for cutting other hard materials, and large ones are considered precious gems. Diamonds have properties that are nothing like graphite. Both materials are made of the same element, and the only difference between graphite and diamond is the bonding and structure of the carbon atoms in each.

Carbon is tetravalent, meaning it has four electrons available for molecular bonds with other atoms.  In graphite, only three electrons form bonds with other carbon atoms, forming a two-dimensional plane of hexagonal shapes via sp2 bonding.  These individual layers are called graphene.  The bonds within these layers are strong, but when additional layers are added, the bonding between the layers is weak, so the sheets can easily slide past one another.  That makes graphite soft and gives it some of its other properties.

The Optical Engineering bachelor’s degree program is one of the few in the country. This program provides a firm foundation for those interested in continuing thier studies in optics at the graduate level, as well as for those going into industry. The curriculum was developed by the faculty with input from industrial representatives as well as from renowned national and international optics educators. Because of the diverse applications of optics, the curriculum contains a mix of courses in physics and mathematics as well as humanities and social sciences. The Optical Engineering program at Rose-Hulman stresses laboratory instruction. We also encourage students to look at options for a double major, especially Optical Engineering with electrical, computer or mechanical engineering.

Like graphite and diamond, DLC is made of carbon, but it has a combination of sp2 and sp3 bonds. As a result, a DLC coating has a combination of the properties of both diamond and graphite. For example, it can be very hard but also have very low friction. In the coating process, we tune the properties by changing process conditions and energy to change the bonding. As sp3 bonding increases, the coating becomes harder and more like a diamond, or “diamond-like.” Pure carbon with mostly sp3 bonding is called tetragonal amorphous carbon (t-aC).