Dec 6, 2022 — Wide-Angle. With a range typically between 60 and 110 degrees (or more), a wide-angle FOV sacrifices some coverage for better detail. It's ideal ...

Although we've covered the basics of what a reticle is, the different types, what they look like, and how they're going to look on your target out in the field, we still need to put all this information together to make it usable.

These dots, lines, and various other features will represent a yardage distance that are all just estimates unless you've validated that at the range. It's important to double check the trajectory travel of the specific load you're using to ensure you'll be dead on.

This method can give a better result, but requires more caution because step 2) can produce a high frequency instability that unless reversion back to manual is done quickly, could overstress the plane.

With the model level apply up and down pitch stick inputs on your transmitter the controls should deflect in the same direction that they would in manual mode.

It's the all-round, perfect reticle for hunting in thicker brush or big game hunting where you need precision to strike the kill zone so it is no wonder the duplex reticle is considered by many to be the best hunting scope reticle.

It can have cross hairs that emit from the top, bottom, left, and right of it that extend through the entire field of view.

If you get pitch angle oscillation or overshoot, then you need to reduce PTCH2SRV_P. If at this point you still don’t have sufficient response then you need to check your radio calibration, the minimum and maximum pitch angles and potentially follow Method 2.

The eyepiece is user-specific and shouldn't be adjusted again unless someone else used your scope or if there are drastic changes in the quality of your vision.

The default values for the roll and pitch controllers in Plane are quite deliberately too small for most aircraft. This is because small values will cause ArduPilot to not navigate well and be sluggish, but are less likely to cause the aircraft to crash. The pitch defaults also have a large ‘I’ gain, to try to compensate for poor initial CG location. Once trimmed via SERVO_AUTO_TRIM, this value should be set to 1/5th of the ‘P’ gain and full tuning done, as instructed below.

With the model in FBW-A mode, put in a rapid bank angle demand, hold it and release. Do the same in the other direction. You want the model to roll quickly and smoothly to the new bank angle and back again without overshoot or any wing ‘waggle’. If the roll response is too slow, then progressively increase the RLL2SRV_P gain in increments of 0.1 until you are happy with the response or you start to get oscillation in bank angle or overshoot

Roll the model rapidly from full bank in each direction and observe the lateral acceleration ay. If the lateral acceleration sits around zero and doesn’t change when you roll into or out of turns then no side-slip control is necessary. You can finish at this point.

Here, you can also explore whether you prefer FFP or SFP reticles. Once you've decided this, you can move on to the next step.

With the model in FBW-A mode, put in a rapid bank angle demand by pushing the aileron stick all the way over, hold it for a couple of seconds and then release. Do the same in the other direction. You want the model to roll quickly and smoothly to the new bank angle and back again without overshoot or any wing ‘rocking’. If the roll response is too slow, then progressively increase RLL2SRV_P in increments of 0.1 until you are happy with the response.

WARNING : If PTCH2SRV_IMAX is set too high, then there is a danger that in FBW-A, if the model has been leveled so that zero pitch is too nose-up to glide at a safe speed, that the integrator will continue to keep increasing the elevator to maintain the demanded pitch angle until the model stalls. PTCH2SRV_IMAX should be set to a value that is big enough to allow from trim changes, but small enough so that it cannot stall the plane. The default for Plane is 2/3 of total throw, which could produce this problem. Be sure that STAB_PITCH_DOWN is setup to add negative pitch at low throttle in stablized modes.

These instructions will teach you how to tune the roll, pitch and yaw response of your aircraft. This is the first tuning you should do with a new aircraft, as everything else relies on getting this right.

This reticle has done its job dutifully for many years. It features the single horizontal and single vertical cross hairs that cross in the center to create the aiming point of the reticle.

Focusing the reticle for your eyes has been explained in detail in our Rifle Scope Parallax article as well as our How to Mount & Sight Your New Rifle Scope article, so I won't bore you with that now.

Now rapidly roll the model from maximum bank angle in one direction to maximum bank angle in the opposite direction. Do this several times going in each direction and observe the yawing motion of the model. If as the wings pass through level the nose is yawed in the opposite direction to the roll (for example when rolling from left to right bank, the nose points left) then increase the value of KFF_RDDRMIX gain until the yaw goes away. Do not use a value larger than 1.

The rate of pitch (and therefore the reduce the number of g’s) used to correct pitch angle errors can be limited setting the pitch rate limit PTCH2SRV_RMAX_DN and PTCH2SRV_RMAX_UP parameters to non-zero values. Setting these values to 560 divided by the airspeed (in metres/second) gives a limit equivalent to approximately +- 1g.

Thinner cross hairs equals minimal subtension. These are excellent for precise target shooting but can easily get lost in a cluttered background.

Whether you're playing around at the range, honing in on sniping skills, or putting tucker on the table, there's a reticle that's been made just for you.

Some of the SFP rifle scopes that we've reviewed are the Maven RS.5 4-24x50, Meopta MeoStar R1r 3-12X56 RD, and the NightForce SHV 5-20X56 to name a few.

For example, the cross hairs don't get larger as the magnification and the target size is increased, they stay the same size. If you turn up your magnification, the target will get bigger and subtension will decrease.

Reticle in games

Now start to increase the integrator gain RLL2SRV_I in steps of 0.05 from its default value of zero until the bank angle starts to overshoot or oscillate, then halve it.

Some of the rifle scopes that we have reviewed that have center-lit reticles are the Victory HT, MeoPro, Swarovski Z6i, and the NightForce SHV. Check out our selection of the best illuminated reticle scopes here.

The amount of space your cross hairs cover on the target will be constantly changing throughout the zooming process to cover less surface area of the target at high magnifications.

Although the autopilot will prevent the integrator from increasing if the maximum aileron is exceeded, there is additional protection provided by the RLL2SRV_IMAX parameter. This parameter sets the maximum amount of aileron (in centi-degrees) that the integrator can control. The default value of 1500 allows the integrator to trim up to 1/3 of the total aileron travel. This parameter should not need to be changed unless you are trying to tune the controller to be able to compensate for large roll offsets due to system failures.

The reticle is the aiming point in your field of view in most rifle scopes. Also referred to as 'crosshairs' reticles are either glass etched or, most commonly, made out of wire.

When magnification is increased or decreased, the cross hairs increase and decrease in size relative to the target and subtension remains constant.

The most common and simplest reticles are the German #4 and the German #1. You'll see these reticles with thick right, bottom, and left (3, 6, and 9 o'clock) cross hairs that taper off towards the center in the original style or with a dot in the center. Sometimes it may or may not have a 12 o'clock/top cross hair.

Simin, The illustrated reticle ahead of the article , when illuminated in the center would be perfect for a muzzleloading rifle. The ranging elements below the red circle would be necessary for the trajectory of these large, slow moving slugs for any distance or projectile. Does anybody actually have such a reticle? 1-4x would be great!

While there are some of these ballistic or BDC style reticles available in hunting rifle scopes, it's more commonly found in the hunting/tactical hybrids, tactical, mil-dot, and military rifle scopes.

Any type of reticle can be made to be illuminated. Duplex, dot, BDC, varmint, and German reticles can all be illuminated. You'll see that center-illuminated reticles are very popular.

Each manufacturer will have their own name for this standard style, such as Leupold's Duplex, Simmons' Truplex, Nikon's Nikoplex, and Weaver's Dual X reticles to name a few.

While an attractive scope sure looks good and quality glass is always important, the type of reticle you choose can be the difference between well-placed shots or never being invited on another hunt again.

The distance markers may be hash marks, circles, or dots. The ballistic reticle can be simple and basic with only a few dots or lines on the 6 o'clock cross hair.

If the model starts to porpoise, the default PTCH2SRV_P value is too high (this is unlikely but could happen) and you need to switch back to manual immediately and ask your assistant to halve the PTCH2SRV_P parameter before switching back into FBW-A

Once you are happy with the roll response you should now slowly increase the RLL2SRV_I to give the controller some “I gain” to allow it to cope better with wind. A value of 0.05 will work for most models. If you see overshoot or oscillation when raising the I value then halve it.

Dots, hash marks, stadia lines, circles... they all mean something, and yet they can mean nothing if you don't know what you're looking at.

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The reticle isn't being focused to the target, not to an image, and not to a distance. It's being focused to your unique vision.

In our scope reviews, we refer to the reticle as a whole, and any distinctive feature of the reticle, such as the often seen perpendicular lines, we refer to as the cross hairs.

This method is the simplest, but won’t give the best result. For those users familiar with tuning the old PID controllers, the RLL2SRV_P, RLL2SRV_I and RLL2SRV_D gains have the same effect, but there are some additional values that can be set by more advanced users.

It's not as common as MOA in the hunting category because it was specifically designed as a ranging reticle for the military. It came about so that you could use mil-dot to calculate the approximate size and the distance of your target as well as bullet drop.

If you're using electronic applications via your smart phone or computer, you can print off or view the given yardage estimates for the holdover values that each line or dot will represent with the manufacturer's online ballistic program. All the guess work is eliminated and the math done for you.

Hi Gene. If you're talking about the mil-dot reticle, I've seen that most of the time the center crosshairs & dots are illuminated like in the Tacticon Apex Falcon 1-4x scope - this variation is very popular. Zeiss has the Reticle 43 that fits your description but not in a 1-4x. Others will have the center dot illuminated but no drop like the Vortex Crossfire II 1-4x with the V-Brite reticle. The Bushnell AR Optics 1-4x has the illuminated .223/5.56 BDC reticle but the non-illuminated Drop Zone BDC reticle fits the description better. Steiner has the P4Xi 1-4x with the P3TR reticle but its pricey with stadia lines instead of dots. There might have to be some compromise to find something similar to what you're looking for in the 1-4x LPV. If you find exactly what you're after, be sure to let us know!

Think about who is going to be using the firearm and scope. Do you want something that's practical and user-friendly or something a little more advanced with some neat bells and whistles thrown in?

The purpose of reticles is to give you a centralized aiming point. Each reticle can be designed to cater to different shooting activities, hunting conditions, and even various types of targets. For example, there are are reticles for:

Increase PTCH2SRV_D in increments of 0.01 until it it starts to oscillate, then halve it. Do not go above 0.1 for PTCH2SRV_D without checking the temperature of your servos when you land as in extreme cases turning up this gain can cause rapid servo movement and overheat the servos leading to premature failure.

Check for any steady offset between nav_roll and roll. If you have followed the basic method you may see an offset which can be removed by setting RLL2SRV_I to a small value (say 0.01) which will allow the control loop to slowly trim the aileron demand to remove the steady error.

Increase RLL2SRV_D in increments of 0.01 until it it starts to oscillate, then halve it. Do not go above 0.1 for RLL2SRV_D without checking the temperature of your servos when you land as in extreme cases turning up this gain can cause rapid servo movement and overheat the servos leading to premature failure.

If the model starts to wag its wings, then the default RLL2SRV_P value is too high for your model (this is unlikely but could happen) and you need to switch back to manual immediately and ask your assistant to halve the RLL2SRV_P parameter before switching back into FBW-A

It could even get more complicated than that with a "Christmas tree" style reticle design spanning across in part or the entire field of view.

With the model in FBW-A mode, put in a rapid pitch angle demand, hold it and release. Do the same in the other direction. You want the model to pitch quickly and smoothly to the new pitch angle and back again without overshoot or any porpoising. If the pitch response is too slow, then progressively increase PTCH2SRV_P in increments of 0.1 until you are happy with the response.

This method is the simplest and but won’t give the best result. For those users familiar with tuning the old PID controller gains, the K_P, K_I and K_D gains in this controller have the same effect, but there are some additional values that can be set by more advanced users.

Another authoritative reticle maker in the optics industry is Horus. They specialize in some of the most intuitive and advanced reticles available in the market, period.

A scope for a rifle will be mounted differently, have a different reticle, and added features than a scope made for a hand gun.

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We strongly recommend that you use AUTOTUNE to perform roll/pitch/yaw tuning. The instructions in this article should be used if you are unable to fly.

Ideally you will need a second person to do this - one person to fly the plane and one person to adjust the parameters. To follow the manual parts of this procedure you need to be a proficient RC pilot or have someone who is available to help you. Otherwise you will need to start at step 2 on the Initial Assessment and be more cautious with control gain adjustment, increasing them in small steps.

If you get bank angle oscillation or overshoot, then you need to reduce RLL2SRV_P. If at this point you still don’t have sufficient response then you need to follow Method 2.

Level the model - the control surfaces should be close to neutral. There will be a little bit of displacement, but any more than 10% of your maximum throw indicates that the autopilot has not been leveled or the radio calibration needs to be repeated.

Now start to increase the integrator gain PTCH2SRV_I in steps of 0.05 from its default value of zero until the pitch angle starts to overshoot or oscillate, then halve it.

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Now roll the model to maximum bank in each direction. The nose should stay fairly level during the turns without significant gain or loss of altitude. Some loss of altitude during sustained turns at constant throttle is expected, because the extra drag of turning slows the model down which will cause a mild descent. If the model gains height during the turns then you need to reduce the PTCH2SRV_RLL by small increments of 0.05 from the default value of 1.0. If the model descends immediately when the model banks (a mild descent later in the turn when the model slows down is normal as explained earlier) then increase the PTCH2SRV_RLL by small increments of 0.01 from the default value of 1.0. If you need to change the PTCH2SRV_RLL parameter outside the range from 0.7 to 1.4 then something is likely wrong with either the earlier tuning of your pitch loop, your airspeed calibration or your autopilot’s bank angle estimate.

Reticle gun

With the plane flying away from you switch to FBW-A. It should continue to fly wings level and at a fairly constant height (it may climb or descend slowly). If it wants to roll or pitch more than a small amount then there is a problem with the model’s trim, autopilot level or radio calibration and you need to solve that first before proceeding further.

This stands for Bullet Drop Compensation and is a ballistics reticle. These reticles are capable of giving you a true point of aim for a known distance to compensate for bullet drop. This is very useful for long range hunters.

With all this reticle knowledge behind your back, you can be sure that you can make the most informed rifle scope purchase to fill your tag this season.

For example, the cross hairs and center point of the reticle increases in size as you increase magnification and your target gets larger. The amount of space your cross hairs cover on the target remains the same.

Reticle Crosshair

The maximum roll rate can be constrained to make the model bank more smoothly by setting the roll rate limit RLL2SRV_RMAX parameter to a non-zero value. The default value of 60 deg/sec works well for most models. Setting this parameter to 0 turns the rate limiter off and can make the effect of tuning changes easier to see. If this value is reduced too far, then the roll controller is unable to keep up with demands from the navigation controller which leads to overshoot and weaving in the aircraft’s trajectory.

If it's for long range hunting, you're going to want to look at the ballistic reticles. Check out this line-up of the best long range rifle scopes for some great options.

Thick or thin cross hairs? The posts of the reticle have a large part to play in how your eye sees the image through the scope.

Select the tuning box on the bottom of the Mission Planners Flight Data page. You should get a scrolling black window above the map. Double click in the black window and you should get a list of parameters to plot. Change the selection until you have the pitch and nav_pitch plotted. Nav_pitch is the demand and pitch is the response. You can use this to look for overshoot and other behaviour that isn’t so obvious from the ground looking at the model.

It's simple, uncluttered, and is considered the all-purpose reticle. The thicker posts of the four cross hairs will thin out to draw the eye to the center.

Almost 86 and still learning. Made lots of mistakes and bought lots of scopes at most price points and came to the same conclusions in this article. But it has been fun and lots of people made a little money from me and I don’t regret a moment of it. Very good explanations and visuals. Thank you for your work. Signed: a gun/scope crank forever.......!

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Take-off in manual and adjust the trims and throttle to a cruise position so that the plane flies straight and level at a speed that you are comfortable with. This will normally be somewhere between 30 and 60% throttle depending on how overpowered your model is.

But as mentioned, not only does cross hair density affect subtension, placement of the reticle inside the erector tube applies here too.

This method will give a better result, but requires more caution because step 2 can produce a high frequency instability that can overheat the aileron servo(s) if allowed to continue.

Hunting reticles are most commonly made out of wire, although the glass-etched reticles are becoming very popular in the hunting community for their durable, precise, and "unbreakable" reputation.

Some FFP rifle scopes that we've reviewed are the Bushnell Elite LRHS 3-12x44 and the Vortex Optics Viper PST 6-24X50 FFP.

Reticle in microscope

When you see a rifle scope marketed with FFP and SFP, it is a direct indication of what to expect in relation to cross hair subtensions.

Reticle pronunciation

Verify that the YAW2SRV_SLIP and YAW2SRV_INT gain terms are set to zero, the YAW2SRV_RLL gain term is set to 1.0 and the YAW2SRV_DAMP gain term is set to zero

Although the autopilot will prevent the integrator from increasing if the maximum elevator is exceeded, there is additional protection provided by the PTCH2SRV_IMAX parameter. This parameter sets the maximum amount of elevator(in centi-degrees) that the integrator can control. The default value of 1500 allows the integrator to trim up to 1/3 of the total elevator travel. This should be enough to allow for the trim offset and variation in trim with speed for most models.

Perhaps one of the simplest reticles in the market. It features an enclosed circle - a dot, in the center of the reticle.

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Set the YAW2SRV_INT gain term to 1.0. If this causes the yaw angle to oscillate then halve the gain from the smallest value that causes oscillation.

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Think about what firearm the scope is going to be mounted on. Scopes can be made to be versatile optics or they can be made for specific types of firearms.

The time constant parameter RLL2SRV_TCONST can also be used to adjust how rapidly the bank angle reaches the demanded value. The effect of this parameter will be seen mostly in the response to small step changes in demanded roll. For larger roll demands, the roll rate limit RLL2SRV_RMAX tends to mask its effect. Making this parameter smaller will cause the aircraft to reach its demanded roll angle in less time, but only if the aircraft is capable. A very slow responding airframe may require a slightly larger setting for this parameter.

Not that we haven't all done that with at least one rifle scope buy, but there's more than just its aesthetically pleasing abilities that goes into getting the perfect scope for you.

Plot the pitch_speed in the tuning window. This shows the rate of pitch in radians/second. A value of 1 radian/second is approximately equal to 60 degrees/second (57 to be more precise), so if for example you had PTCH2SRV_RMAX_DN/UP set to 30, the maximum pitch_speed when responding to a large pitch angle demand (eg full pitch one way to full pitch the other way) should be just above 0.5. A value of greater than 0.6 would indicate that PTCH2SRV_P is too high and should be reduced, whereas a value of less than 0.5 would indicate that RLL2SRV_P should be increased.

Generally speaking, a 2-3X magnifier offering a larger field of view is better for scanning activities like reading, while the smaller field associated with a ...

I'm replacing the crosshair wires in an old Mossberg scope and your article offered some nice insights. And hopefully some confidence.

TERRIFIC article ! A little mind numbing,and like you said I'm glad I stuck with you ! The way you explained the multitudes of options there are really helped me out ! Thank you

The yaw control loop can be configured either as a simple yaw damper (good for models with inadequate fin area) or as a combined yaw damper and side-slip controller. Because control of side-slip uses measured lateral acceleration, it will only work for those models that have enough fuselage side area to produce a measurable lateral acceleration when they side-slip (an extreme example of this is an aerobatic model flying a knife-edge maneuver where all of the lift is produced by the fuselage). Gliders with slender fuselages and flying wings cannot use this feature, but can still benefit from the yaw damper provided they have a yaw control (rudder, differential airbrakes, etc)

Leupold doesn't make it any easier to navigate the horde when they have over 70 reticles available. Though, to their credit they have created a Reticle Viewer program where you can search their rifle scopes according to your choice of reticle.

SFP means second or rear focal plane. This is the most common design that most hunters and shooters will recognize. The reticle is located behind the magnifying lens assembly.

Reticle vs crosshair

While it's an ideal reticle for snipers and extreme long distance target shooters, hunters are finding that it helps them with making extreme long distance hunting shots as well.

Select the tuning box on the bottom of the Mission Planners Flight Data page. You should get a scrolling black window above the map. Double click in the black window and you should get a list of parameters to plot. Change the selection until you have the roll and nav_roll plotted. Nav_roll is the demand and roll is the response. You can use this to look for overshoot and other behaviour that isn’t so obvious from the ground looking at the model.

Searching for the right rifle scope for your hunting needs goes far beyond just buying the first one that'll look good on your rifle.

Subtension refers to the amount of space the cross hairs cover on the target. Subtension is affected by both cross hair density and placement of the reticle inside the erector tube.

Now roll the model into and out of turns in both directions. If the model has a tendency to yaw the nose to the outside of the turn, then increase the YAW2SRV_RLL gain term in increments of 0.05 from its default value of 1.0. Conversely if the model has a tendency to yaw the nose to the inside of the turn on turn entry, then reduce the YAW2SRV_RLL gain term in increments of 0.01 from its default value of 1.0. If you have to go outside the range from 0.7 to 1.4, then there is something else that needs to be sorted and you should check that you have performed step 2) correctly and check your airspeed calibration if airspeed is being used.

If you see that the y acceleration is offset or spikes up during turns, then progressively increase the YAW2SRV_SLIP gain in steps of 0.5 until the error goes away or the yaw angle starts to oscillate. If yaw oscillation occurs, then halve the gain from the value at which caused the oscillation.

Within just these few types of reticles, each optics manufacturer then applies their own name for the same design or style of reticle, such as Nikon's Nikoplex, Leupold's Duplex, and Weaver's Dual X for the standard Duplex style reticle.

If you have an airspeed sensor enabled then blow air towards the front of the pitot tube and watch the HUD. You should see the airspeed reading increase

This allows for ballistic reticles to be used at any magnification because MOA or Mrad measurement increments will be accurate.

Increase YAW2SRV_DAMP in small increments of 0.05 until the yaw angle starts to oscillate. When this happens, the tail will appear to ‘wag’. Halve the gain from the value that caused the oscillation.

Horus offers incredibly fast and intuitive ballistic reticles that don't require you to holdover or "click" (make scope adjustments) to get dead on aim. They provide fast and repeatable results for multiple shots at extreme distances.

Reticle scope

The hash marks get relatively longer with each marking down on the 6 o'clock cross hair. This is to compensate for wind drift as your bullet strike and velocity is greatly affected at long range distances.

When magnification is increased or decreased, the cross hairs stay the same size despite the fact that the target changes in size. As a result, subtension is constantly changing.

When buying a rifle scope, you next have to decide what magnification range is right for you. Fixed or variable are your options and it has a large part to do with the function of your reticle subtensions.

Pay attention to the manufacturer's description of the reticle. These distinctive features that are either present on the cross hair, post, or on the entire lens image may be indicative of a bullet drop compensator as a hold over point, a distance marker, or both.

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Check for any steady offset between nav_pitch-roll and pitch. If you have followed the basic method you may see an offset which can be removed by setting PTCH2SRV_I to a small value (say 0.05) which will allow the control loop to slowly trim the elevator demand to remove the steady error. The value of PTCH2SRV_I can be increased in small increments of 0.05 until you are satisfied with the speed at which the control loop ‘re-trims’.

Look at the center point of the reticle. Does it have a cross, an open circle, a dot? The center point of the reticle is very important since it's indicative of where you intend your bullet strike to be.

With the model level apply left and right roll stick inputs on your transmitter - the controls should deflect in the same direction that they would in manual mode.

The time constant parameter PTCH2SRV_TCONST can also be used to adjust how rapidly the pitch angle reaches the demanded value. The effect of this parameter will be seen mostly in the response to small step changes in demanded pitch. For larger pitch demands, the pitch rate limits PTCH2SRV_RMAX_DN and PTCH2SRV_RMAX_UP tend to mask its effect. Making this parameter smaller will cause the aircraft to reach its demanded pitch angle in less time, but only if the aircraft is capable. A very slow responding airframe may require a slightly larger setting for this parameter.

Thicker cross hairs equals increased subtension which are easily seen but can distract or cover important features of your target.

Reticle in semiconductor

These ballistic reticles are measured in Miliradians (Mrad) where each dot on the reticle represents 1 Mrad that is equal to 3.6 inches at 100 yards/36 inches at 1000 yards.

The hard part of choosing the right reticle for you is over. With these tips and steps, you'll know exactly what to look for, be able to fully comprehend the jargon, and be able to establish realistic expectations out of your reticle.

Here's a simple how-to to get you from amateur to expert the next time you're shopping for your lifetime scope purchase.

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Plot the roll_speed in the tuning window. This shows the rate of roll in radians/second. A value of 1 radian/second is approximately equal to 60 degrees/second (57 to be more precise), so if you have RLL2SRV_RMAX set to 60, the maximum roll_speed when responding to a large bank angle demand (eg full bank one way to full bank the other) should be just above 1.0. A value of greater than 1.1 indicates that RLL2SRV_P is too high and should be reduced, whereas a value of less than 1 indicates that RLL2SRV_P should be increased.

Set a budget. Quickly piling on the illuminated reticles, the BDC features, and the extra hash marks here and there can cost you an arm and a leg.

But, what do reticles look like and what distinctive features make each reticle different? Let's dive right into what has your brain ticking and your scope-drive chuggin'.

These reticles are simply black in color and don't have any built-in illumination abilities. This is fine for day time use, is cheaper than illuminated models, and is the standard for reticles today.