Formerly only needed when the sun was shining brightly, sunglasses with a  mirror coating  are now very much in vogue – and they’re available in your prescription! Talk to your optician today to see the wide range of colours and functions available for sunglass coatings.

Unfortunately, no coating will mean never having to clean lenses again. However, lenses can be coated in such a way that impurities are less likely to adhere to the lens. CleanCoat makes the lens surface smooth, making it more difficult for dirt and dust to adhere. This simplifies lens care tremendously. The smoother the lens surface, the better.

Designed by astronomers for astronomers and benefiting from the expertise gained when designing the OCAM² and CRED One cameras, First Light Imaging's C-RED 3 is the best choice for your SWIR FSO applications.

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In the C-RED 3 camera, all the cooling system has been removed and the electronics squeezed to give a very compact high-speed SWIR camera. Below is a few insight into its advantages

Oct 13, 2024 — Thanks to advances in infrared sensors, free-space optical communication (FSOC) technology is poised to revolutionize connectivity across ...

Visible versus SWIR imaging of a landscape in foggy conditions. Note how the view is much clearer and we can see some 10 km further in SWIR. Raw images acquired with a Nikon D5200 camera (left) and a C-RED 3 camera (right).

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Our vision has changed enormously now that we use digital devices such as smartphones, tablets, and modern illumination through LEDs and displays. We are subjected to more blue light than ever – all day long, in fact. High-energy blue light is also believed to have a negative impact on vision over the long term.

How can you recognize the ZEISS DriveSafe coating? The ZEISS DriveSafe coating is evident from a slightly violet residual reflection on the lens, which is barely visible and therefore not distracting.

Simplified schematic of the Adaptive Optics closed-loop approach. The wavefront from a distant object is distorted by the atmosphere. The deformable mirror compensates the distortions. The control system computes the commands for the deformable mirrors. The wavefront sensor measures the deviation from an undistorted wave

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Several mitigation strategies have been developed, but the best way to suppress scintillation is to use Adaptive Optics (AO). The idea of correcting the atmospheric turbulence in real time for astronomy was firstly introduced by Babbock as early as 1953 [1]. With the progress of wavefront sensors, deformable mirrors and real time computers, AO systems have become very popular and relatively straightforward to make. The figure illustrates the working principle of the close loop approach.

Another coating level with antistatic function can also help keep your glasses cleaner: fluff – from clothes, for example – adheres to these lenses much less.

Compared the visible range, SWIR allows a deeper penetration through atmospheric perturbations. Using small diodes enables fast FSO communications but requires fast and sensitive cameras to perform wavefront sensing. C-RED 3 has been designed for this purpose.

Self-tinting lenses are a great idea for anyone who doesn’t want to change their glasses in the sun as these lenses incorporate a special technology which adapts to the sun – e.g.  PhotoFusion X by ZEISS

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C-RED 3 has been designed specifically for this purpose [4], and completely addresses the challenges of high speed wavefront sensing.

Lenses can help protect your eyes against blue light thanks to a special filter, making it easier to work at a computer or use digital devices. Thanks to DuraVision® BlueProtect from ZEISS, you receive a premium lens coating together with a blue light filter, which is great for all wearers who are often indoors and find that the light emitted by LED light bulbs, TVs or computer monitors makes them tired or uncomfortable. It is therefore advisable to opt for this lens coating, even for glasses you need for work or when watching TV.

The use of SWIR band lasers is extremely pertinent because of their ability to go through obstacles such as fog or some types of plastics. The recent rise of eye-safe lasers in the SWIR band has allowed a major improvement. A camera based on an InGaAs detector array must be used at the receiver end, as visible cameras are not sensitive to SWIR wavelengths.

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An FSO system in its simplest form is illustrated below. The data to be transmitted is converted to a binary format (1 and 0), then into light pulses (ON/OFF). A transmitter (laser source and focusing lens) sends the light pulses, aiming the direction of a receiver. The receiver collects the light pulses, which are then processed and converted. Note that the system can be used in the reverse direction. The system is interfaced at both ends with a physical network (cable, fiber). In more complex implementations, the laser beam can be modulated.

C-RED 3 is a high-performance camera designed for short wave infrared applications. It enables very high-speed high-quality sensing (up to 600 fps in full frame) and gives its best performance at short exposure times. The camera was developed for Free Space Optical communications applications, particularly for adaptive optics.

Lens manufacturers want to make it easy for their customers to select a coating, which is why they offer packages for different coatings. And ZEISS is no exception: with the  DuraVision®  Premium lens coatings, you receive a complete package comprising top anti-reflective, hard, antistatic and CleanCoat coatings.

Anti-reflective lenses can be recognized by the residual reflection. Regardless of the material used for the lenses, they have a characteristic colour when you hold the glasses at a slight angle against a white background. This is highly practical for the wearer: the optician can identify the anti-reflective coating and even offer the same high quality if a switch to another material is desired.

The availability of low noise fast infrared cameras to build wavefront sensors changes somewhat the paradigm of Free Space Optical communications. With improved penetration of SWIR lasers – compared to visible range lasers - in bad weather conditions, and reduced effects of atmospheric turbulence, there is a real benefit of performing FSO in the SWIR range. Adaptive optics can further optimize the signal detection.

As we have seen previously, there was a real interest to go to SWIR wavelengths. To optimize communication speed, small diodes are used. To reduce power losses and enable the injection of the transmitted optical beam into a single mode fiber [3], AO is mandatory (see the figure on the right).

It enables transparent, clear and unimpaired vision, makes glasses more attractive and permits uninterrupted and reflection-free vision for the wearer.

It’s all about protecting your eyes from the sun and glare when you’re outdoors. You and your optician can create your ideal sunglasses in terms of both colour and style. Coloured coatings for sunglasses are available for plastic and mineral lenses. A  wide selection of lens tints  – from single colours and gradient tints to bi-colour or even special tints for medical purposes – feature in the range of sunglasses from ZEISS. So your glasses, whether single vision or progressive lenses, will become your favourite accessory that also delivers first-class protection against the sun.

The residual reflection is usually green. The modern Duravion®  Premium lens Coating from ZEISS has an attractive, bluish residual reflection. The barely perceptible bluish residual reflection increases the amount of light the lens transmits to your eyes. And not only that – the blue is less visible to the eye. This means lenses with this residual reflection have the advantage of making your eyes look clearer to other people and have fewer reflections. Your eyes look more natural, almost as if you’re not wearing glasses at all.

C-RED 3 is a 640 x 512 SWIR camera running at 600 FPS full frame. It holds the legacy of all the developments of astronomical infrared fast wavefront sensors on top of specific features for industrial applications: smart, low cost and low SWaP. It is particularly well suited to be the detector used in an Adaptive Optics loop for wavefront sensing in a complete Free Space Optical communication system.

A premium lens coating can help, one that’s integrated into the  ZEISS DriveSafe lenses. This reduces the subjective sensation of glare1 – e.g. from oncoming vehicles with LED or Xenon headlights – and effectively protects your lenses from both scratches and the adhesion of dirt particles.

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The following figures illustrate the advantage of using SWIR cameras in earth-to-earth and earth-to-space configurations. Visibility is increased compared to visible range imaging, demonstrating how SWIR signal propagates efficiently.

With DuraVision DriveSafe, 64% of wearers tested said they experienced fewer problems with glare thanks to the new coating compared to other premium anti-reflective coatings. Source: Internal wearer trial (CZV employees in Germany), external wearer trial (eye care professionals and consumers in Spain)

Lenses without an anti-reflective coating have a great disadvantage:  There is a lot of visible reflection for the wearer. These reflections are particularly distracting on wet roads or when driving at night, but also when talking to someone as that person will see themselves reflected in your glasses rather than look at you.

Light propagating through the atmosphere is known to be disturbed by atmospheric turbulence. The most difficult-todeal-with problem is beam scintillation: as the atmosphere in the beam path fluctuates, the optical power, tilt, etc. of the light beam vary, causing random phase aberrations and often-large variation in detected intensity.

In conclusion, Free Space Optics benefits from using SWIR wavelengths (typically 1550 or 1330 nm), rather than shorter infrared ones (typically 785-850 nm).

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They then focus this light to form an enlarged image, which can be further magnified by the eyepiece lens. By adjusting the objective lens, users can ...

FSO can be used for ground to ground communication: outdoor wireless 2G/3G and 4G networks, to cover the edge of physical networks (“the last mile access”), CCTV surveillance networks, etc. More importantly, it can be used for ground to space (satellite) communications. FSO enables simultaneously establishing a large number of independent links with high throughput; two major advantages compared to the radio bandwidth which is limited by its low directionality and radio frequency throughput (< 40 GHz). For example, Earth-observation satellites only overpass ground stations for a couple of minutes per day, it is critical that the large amount of data they collected can be transmitted in a short amount of time. Even more so for military satellites which very often may only communicate with ground stations within a limited geographical zone. Finally, FSO is the best option for extra-terrestrial communication which may come in use in the next decades… In short, FSO is a fast-growing segment for telecommunications, both in civil and military fields.

These factors attenuate the transmitted signal, leading to a higher number of errors when detecting the signal. Laser power increase is not the solution as the laser power density is limited to class 1M in order to keep an eye-safe environment.

One thing’s for sure: Light has a considerable effect on managing our internal body clock, and thus our sleep patterns. Strong light in the early evening tells your body to stay awake for longer. When you look at the screen on your computer or another digital device, you subject your eyes to large quantities of blue light, causing such things as reduced contrast sensitivity. Focusing on a screen can also be strenuous for you and your eyes, and contribute to digital eye strain.

Opticalcoating

Lens coatings act as a protective coating for your lenses, transforming modern plastic lenses into strong everyday objects. Unfortunately, lens coatings are often not given the importance they deserve when people purchase a pair of glasses, with wearers pretty much leaving this decision up to the optician. To make sure you’re well-prepared when it comes to anti-reflective, hard, CleanCoat and other coatings, we’ve put together a guide to help you find your way around the maze of coatings. After all, the choice is yours!

Example of the improvement provided by an AO correction to the detection of a laser spot. λλ is the wavelength, D is the optic's diameter, R0 is the diameter of the atmosphere turbulence nodule.

C-RED 3 is a plug-and-play SWIR camera. Our C-RED range of cameras offers hardware optimization to adjust to your specific use case.

So why not talk to your optician about the anti-reflective coating services on offer and about the coatings’ durability today! Ask for their tips about what you need to look out for to ensure your coating lasts as long as it ought to.

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Free Space Optics can be used for high throughput and long-distance communications. Demanding applications, such as space telecommunications, can be addressed.

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Just like a lotus leaf, water beads right off thanks to the wetting properties of the coating. A great bonus, particularly for anti-reflective lenses, because you’re more likely to notice dirt through improved reflection reduction than on lenses without such a coating.

Just ask your optician. Choosing the right coating also matters if you’re buying children’s glasses or a second pair for yourself – so don’t leave this important decision to chance!

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For example, very high framerate correction is required to perform FSO with Low Earth Orbite (LEO) satellites, where the apparent wind is high due to the satellite speed.

The major constraint on the camera used as an AO wavefront sensor is that it must provide a real-time snapshot of the wavefront to enable real-time compensation. Hence the camera should have a high framerate, low latency, and high sensitivity

The use of the camera is, of course, not restricted to Free Space Optics. C-RED 3 is very flexible and can be used for multiple applications, ranging from surveillance to agriculture monitoring. Moreover, the low size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP) opens the possibility to use this technology on airborne material (planes, UAVs).

The key parameter of an adaptive optics system is the wavefront sensor and its ability to give an instantaneous picture of the incoming wavefront. A wavefront sensor typically consists of a ShackHartmann combined to a photon sensor. First Light Imaging worked a lot on the improvements of visible cameras for wavefront sensing with the OCAM², which is to date the fastest and lowest noise (visible photon counting) camera, tailored for this application [2].

FSO communications are limited by a series of factors. Fortunately, some can be overcome by using Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) (900 - 1700 nm) rather than visible (400 - 700 nm) or Near InfraRed (700 - 900 nm) wavelengths.

Information can travel from point A to point B through a solid cable, a common example would be corded phones. However, physical connections (cable, wire, fiber) may sometimes be impractical or too expensive. In these cases, being able to transmit data through “free space” (air, outer space, vacuum, etc.) is crucial. Using light to transmit data through Free-Space Optical (FSO) communications overcomes the major drawback of cable-based communications.

For applications requiring lower framerates and longer exposure times, the C-RED 2 camera is the cooled equivalent of C-RED 3. The cooling allows to reach a lower dark current (< 600 e-/pix/s).

Special coatings with a hard lacquer matched to the material not only enhance the scratch resistance of the lenses, they also ensure constant visual quality and extend durability. Thanks to the DuraVision®  Platinum coating, ZEISS offers a solution that is three times harder than the previous generation of hard (AR) coated plastic ZEISS lenses and 35% harder than AR coated mineral (glass) ZEISS lenses. This is made possible by the way ions seal the lens when the coating is applied.  Read on to find out more.

We’ve all been there: Unpleasant glare from oncoming traffic or street lights impairing our vision. This is tiring for drivers and can even become dangerous.

For plastic lenses (organic lenses) you definitely need a hard lacquer coating. While plastic lenses are easy to wear, the material used is softer and more prone to scratches than glass lenses (a.k.a. mineral lenses) – at least if untreated.