The most important thing to consider when choosing a finish coating is protecting the epoxy from sunlight. Long-term UV protection depends on how well the finish coating retains its UV filters or pigments over the epoxy coating. A high-gloss finish reflects a higher proportion of the light hitting the surface than a dull surface. All other things being equal, a white (especially a glossy white) coating will last the longest.

“Working as a radiologist, I see many cases where a patient did not need an MRI study ordered,” says Dr. Christian Baldauf, current Physician Lead on the project and MRI Director at Grey Bruce Health Services. “Recognizing we needed to address this issue, we developed tools and resources that would help reduce the overuse of imaging services.”

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See how the Medical Imaging Integrated Care Project has collaborated on reducing unnecessary imaging tests and created tools for improving access to care.

Basics ofimaging

Ensuring patients receive the same quality services and experience no matter what site they visit was also an important aspect to integrate into this project. By introducing one requisition form and ensuring each hospital is delivering the same quality of imaging, the region would be able to reduce and eliminate unnecessary duplication of ordering and testing.

Before you use the first pump-dispensed mixture on a project, verify the pumps are delivering the correct ratio by following the calibration process on the pump instructions. Recheck the ratio anytime you experience problems with curing.

Pump two full pump strokes of resin for each full pump stroke of hardener. Depress each pump head fully and allow the head to rise completely back to the top before beginning the next stroke. Partial strokes will give the wrong ratio. Read the pump instructions before using the pumps.

Now you are ready to mix. When measuring by weight or volume (without pumps), you’ll need to measure Entropy resins and hardeners by weight or volume to achieve the correct ratio of 2-parts resin to 1-part hardener:

But Dr. Romano says the Medical Imaging Integrated Care Project is encouraging dialogue between sites and allows colleagues to work collaboratively in solving some of these issues.

The project began with addressing inappropriate ordering of MRI scans. With limited resources in MRI and CT equipment, ensuring the right patient has access to the right service at an appropriate time is a key goal for those involved in the project.

As with all epoxy resins, our systems are designed to work in a specific mix ratio between the two parts. Our CLR epoxy resin with CLF Fast Hardener works in a 100:47 mix ratio by weight or a 2:1 volume ratio.

Elevated temperature post-curing will achieve a thorough cure much quicker. Post curing can also improve epoxy’s thermal properties and is recommended if you plan to apply dark paint over epoxy.

For many in the region, coming together to discuss what each site is doing has become a valuable aspect of the project. Dr. Walt Romano, the previous Physician Lead of the project and Radiologist with St. Thomas Elgin General Hospital believes these conversations are essential to providing better care for patients. “There is a clear benefit to patient care when there is better communication between our clinical colleagues and diagnostic imaging staff,” says Dr. Romano. “We can provide better, more comprehensive care, and share our ideas and solutions to common issues across the region.”

Simply wash the surface with clean water and an abrasive pad. We recommend 3-M Scotch-Brite™ 7447 General Purpose Hand Pads. Dry the surface with plain white paper towels to remove the dissolved blush before it dries on the surface. After you wash it with the abrasive pad, the surface should appear dull. Sand any remaining glossy areas with 80-grit sandpaper. Wet-sanding will also remove the amine blush.

Opticalimagingsystems

Primary, or chemical, bonds occur when you apply fresh epoxy over partially cured epoxy. Primary bonding relies on the chemical bonding of epoxy layers where resin and hardener molecules from the previous layer are still reacting and can therefore chemically react with the next epoxy layer. This allows all the epoxy layers to cure together and fuse into a single layer.No surface prep is needed when applying fresh epoxy over partially cured epoxy. But after an epoxy application cures, the window for chemical linking closes. At this point, you’ll need to prepare the surface for subsequent epoxy coats.

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Resin and hardener dispensed at the wrong ratio is the source of most cure-related problems. To simplify dispensing and reduce the possibility of errors, use Entropy Pumps to meter the correct ratio of resin to hardener.

SWLHIN is the first LHIN to implement a standard MRI requisition form that can be used at any hospital site in the region. Supporting the MRI requisition forms are two appropriateness checklists for knee and spine. The checklists allow physicians to determine if an MRI is necessary and which conditions may not benefit from a scan. Completing the form also provides referring physicians with a tool to educate and counsel patients on the appropriateness of MRIs based on their specific symptoms.

Disadvantages of digital radiography

The temperature will affect curing times. The cooler the temperature of curing epoxy, the slower it cures. Three things contribute to epoxy’s temperature:

Advantages and disadvantages of digital radiography

See how the Medical Imaging Integrated Care Project has collaborated on reducing unnecessary imaging tests and created tools for improving access to care.

“We worked very closely with referring physicians on our MRI and appropriateness checklist to ensure they were included and happy with the process we were implementing,” says Dr. Baldauf. “We also included Choosing Wisely branding on all of our forms because we believed by showing these tools and protocols were part of this larger campaign, we could encourage and motivate our colleagues to make smart and effective care choices.”

The mixing of resin and hardener begins a chemical reaction that transforms the combined liquid into a solid. This period of transformation is called the cure time. As it cures, epoxy passes from the liquid state through a gel state before it reaches a solid state (Figure 1).

Lp mm

For this demonstration, we are using our Super SAP CLR epoxy resin system from Entropy Resins. All of their retail formulas are two-part epoxy systems made up of a resin (Part A) and a hardener (Part B).

To adapt to cooler temperatures, use a faster hardener or use supplemental heat to raise the epoxy temperature above the hardener’s minimum recommended application temperature. Use a hot air gun, a heat lamp, or another heat source to warm the resin – before mixing or after the epoxy is applied. Do not heat hardeners prior to mixing with resins. You can speed the epoxy cure time by applying supplemental heat to the curing epoxy.

Now you are ready to use your resin. Remember to check the safe use guides, safe handling information and technical data sheets that come with your epoxy system before mixing. For more information about the resins carried by Swell, browse our product catalogue for sea , snow, wood, and art projects.

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Based on the USAF-1951 standard, LaserSoft Imaging developed the SilverFast Resolution Target to make the actually usable resolution of a scanner measurable.

When you properly prepare the surface for a secondary (mechanical) bond, it needs to be clean and textured. This allows for good adhesion.

Amine blush is a by-product of the epoxy curing process. This wax-like film may start to form during the tack-free stage of the initial cure phase. The blush is water-soluble and easy to remove but can clog sandpaper and inhibit subsequent bonding if not removed.

Careful measuring and thorough mixing of epoxy resin and hardener are essential for the epoxy to cure properly. Whether you’re applying the epoxy mixture to wet out fibreglass, as a coating, or a casting, the following steps will ensure a controlled and thorough chemical transition to a high-strength epoxy solid.

Base: The bottom support of the microscope (you may want to also see arm above). Binocular Head: A microscope head with two eyepiece lenses, one for each eye.

Ensure you are always starting with clean cups and brushes to avoid any dirt or debris from falling into the resin mixture. Next, dispense the resin and hardener into a clean plastic, metal, or wax-free paper container. Don’t use glass or foam containers because of the danger of exothermic heat buildup. Do not adjust the epoxy cure time by altering the mix ratio. An accurate ratio is essential for epoxy to fully cure and develop its physical properties.

“My favourite part of this project is that we are all communicating with each other. We have clinicians and referring physicians speaking with radiologists, speaking with specialists. It has allowed us to come together and focus on choosing wisely in diagnostic imaging,” says Dr. Romano.

“We often see a scan is duplicated because the initial imaging study did not provide the information a clinician needed at a separate site,” says Dr. Baldauf. “By ensuring we have the same standard in imaging, we can avoid unnecessary duplication of studies and free up resources to ensure urgent and pertinent requests are dealt within an appropriate time frame.”

“Historically, as radiologists, we had so many opportunities to have discussions with our clinical colleagues that allowed us to be aware of our problems or concerns in how we were ordering our tests,” says Dr. Romano. “As we’ve had more technological advances in imaging, we’ve definitely seen better efficiencies. However, we’ve lost some of those moments of communication because everything is sent to our desk. We don’t have the opportunity to sit in a group and discuss or troubleshoot problems as they are happening.”

The increasing demand for MRI and CT scans has led to longer wait times for imaging services across the country. As the demand for these services remains high, clinicians and patients have noticed the challenge in accessing these services.

In Ontario, the South West Local Integrated Health Integration Network (SWLHIN) funded the Medical Imaging Integrated Care Project to address long wait times in imaging services in the region. Since the fall of 2016, the project has engaged a multi-disciplinary team representing imaging to implement ways to improve access and minimize inappropriate studies.

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The Medical Imaging Integrated Care Project has been a collaborative effort between a multi-disciplinary team working to streamline and improve medical imaging in the region.

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To adapt to warmer temperatures, use a slower hardener to increase or maintain your open time. You can also mix smaller batches and use them up quickly. Or pour the epoxy mixture into a container with greater surface area (such as a roller pan) to allow exothermic heat to dissipate, extending open time. The sooner the mixture is transferred or applied (after thorough mixing), the longer the mixture is available for coating, lay-up, or assembly.

Imagingoptics

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Sometimes you don’t want the epoxy to bond to a certain surface, such as a mould surface. Materials/substrates the epoxy does not adhere to are: clear cellophane tape, thin plastic film 3 to 5 mils, polyethylene plastic, and polypropylene plastic. You can also use mould release agents like paste wax, chemical release, and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) to prevent bonding. To verify that the epoxy will release from the surface, we recommend trying it on a test area.

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Secondary or mechanical bonds occur when you first apply epoxy to a substrate or apply subsequent coats over an epoxy coating that has fully cured. Secondary bonds rely on the epoxy’s ability to “key” into pores or scratches on the surface, so these bonds are mechanical in nature.

As it cures, mixed epoxy passes from a liquid state, through a gel state, to a solid-state. Cure time is shorter when the epoxy is warmer and longer when the epoxy is cooler.

Coating Compatibility : Most types of coatings are compatible with epoxy. Thoroughly cured epoxy is an almost completely inert, hard plastic. Most paint solvents will not soften, swell, or react with it. Epoxy amines can affect one-part polyurethanes and polyester gelcoat. If you’re using these, apply them after the epoxy is thoroughly cured, generally after two weeks at room temperature and after removing amine blush.

With the first phase of the project currently underway, the next step will be creating a standardized CT requisition form and protocols. Those involved say they look forward to continuing their collaborative efforts to providing quality care across the region.