A lens can be defined as an optical device that is transmissive and disperses a light beam by the phenomena of refraction of light. A lens can be a simple or a compound one. The only difference between both these lenses is that a simple lens has only one lens in it while a compound lens has more than one simple lens in it. A concave lens is a type of simple lens.

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A concave lens can be defined as a lens that diverges the beam of light. The light from the source is refracted as a diminished, virtual or real, and vertically inward image. Both sides are curved surfaces. Its shape is inward in the middle from both sides and outward on the edges. It is a diverging lens and hence it is also called one.

The lens formula is the formula that is used to identify the nature and position of the image formed by a lens. The lens formula for the concave lens is stated as follows:

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The working of a concave lens can be explained as when the beam of light hits it, it scatters and refracts back as a divergent ray of light through ray optics. This light ray is diminished and vertically inward but it can be real as well as virtual. Due to this characteristic of the concave lens, it is mostly used to magnify objects.

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The focal length of a concave lens is always considered to be negative according to the sign convention of the lens in optics. Whereas the magnification produced by it is always less than 1.