A double-convex lens is to be made of glass with an index of refraction of 1.5.One surface is to have twice the radius of curvature of the other and the focal length is to be 60mm. What is the (a) smaller and (b) larger radius?

Optical lenses

Barrel lens distortion is most visible in images that have straight lines in them, as these lines appear to bow and curve.

This effect causes the image to spherize, which means that the edges of the photo look curved and bowed to the human eye. It almost appears as though the photo image has been wrapped around a curved surface.

Concavo-convexlens

As distortion is caused by the effects of perspective on the lens, the only way to correct for barrel lens distortion in-camera is to use a special "tilt and shift" lens, which is designed for architectural purposes. However, these lenses are costly, and only really make sense if you specialize in this field.

50 through 57 55, 57 53 Thin lenses. Object Ostands on the central axis of a thin symmetric lens. For this situation, each problem in Table 34-6 gives object distance p (centimeters), the type of lens (C stands for converging and D for diverging), and then the distance (centimeters, without proper sign) between a focal point and the lens. Find (a) the image distance localid="1662982946717" iand (b) the lateral magnification m of the object, including signs. Also, determine whether the image is (c) real (R) or virtual (V) , (d) inverted (I) from object O or non inverted (NI), and (e) on the same side of the lens as object Oor on the opposite side.

Barrel distortion can be corrected very easily in modern image editing programs such as Adobe Photoshop, which contains a lens distortion correction filter. Many free photo editing programs also include solutions to the problem.

An object is placed against the center of a converging lens and then moved along the central axis until it is 5.0mfrom the lens. During the motion, the distance between the lens and the image it produces is measured. The procedure is then repeated with a diverging lens. Which of the curves in Fig. 34-28 best gives versus the object distance p for these lenses? (Curve 1 consists of two segments. Curve 3 is straight.)

Some lenses, such as fisheye lenses, attempt to take advantage of lens barrel distortion by creating a purposefully curved photo. It's a stunning effect when used for the right purpose and with the right type of subject.

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Plano-convexlens

An object is placed against the center of a thin lens and then moved away from it along the central axis as the image distance is measured. Figure 34-41 gives i versus object distance p out to ps=60cm. What is the image distancewhen p=100cm?

Have you ever taken a photograph where the straight lines bow out and become curved at the edge of the frame? Then you need to learn how to fix lens barrel distortion in photography, which is a common issue that appears when using a wide-angle lens.

Wide-angle lenses include more pieces of glass that are curved so the portions of the image that are at the edges of the frame can become skewed and will reflect this curvature.

Figure 34-27 is an overhead view of a mirror maze based on floor sections that are equilateral triangles. Every wall within the maze is mirrored. If you stand at entrance x, (a) which of the maze monsters a, b, and chiding in the maze can you see along the virtual hallways extending from entrance x; (b) how many times does each visible monster appear in a hallway; and (c) what is at the far end of a hallway?

Infraredlens

Double convex lensformula

With the Lens Correction filter in Adobe Photoshop, you can fix image distortion automatically or manually. Automatic correction uses a default camera profile, while manual correction requires you to enter your specific camera settings. A similar Lens Correction tool is available in Adobe Lightroom.

When you can't avoid it, go with it, and maximize the effect. The curvature of the lines can be enhanced to create a dynamic look in your photograph.

A corner reflector, much used in the optical, microwave, and other applications, consists of three plane mirrors fastened together to form the corner of a cube. Show that after three reflections, an incident ray is returned with its direction exactly reversed.

Fixing lens barrel distortion isn't as tricky as it sounds as long as you follow some of the steps here. There may be times where you don't want to fix it, so embrace the distortion!

LensEFL

Some fisheye lenses are so extreme that the photography ends up being circular in shape, rather than the traditional rectangular shape that's far more common.

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If you can't prevent barrel lens distortion with a special lens or prefer avoiding editing after the fact, you can try to minimize the impact of barrel lens distortion while taking photos.

Since one surface has twice the radius of the other and since one surface is convex to the incoming light while the other is concave, we can write,

While this effect can be appealing in some cases—such as with the artistic photograph—there are many times that you will want to avoid it and have nice, straight lines. This is particularly true when documenting a building: You need the lines of the architecture to be as straight as they are in real life.

Double convex lensdrawing

Barrel lens distortion occurs because the magnification of the image decreases the farther the object is from the optical axis of the lens.

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Pincushion distortion is the opposite of barrel lens distortion. Instead of rounded lines toward the edges of an image, there's a pinch effect in the center of the image. To modify the pincushion distortion, use the Lens Correction filter in Adobe Photoshop or Lightroom. Pincushion distortion occurs most often with telephoto lenses.