Laser collimation

Philippe Lalanne, Simion Astilean, Pierre Chavel, Edmond Cambril, and Huguette Launois J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 16(5) 1143-1156 (1999)

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*Permanent address, Department of Optics and Spectroscopy, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 3400 Cluj, Napoca, Romania. During the course of this research S. Astilean was a visiting scientist at the Institut d’Optique; he is pleased to acknowledge financial support from NATO.

Collimatedbeam

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Coherentlight

We introduce a new structural cutoff beyond which subwavelength gratings cease to behave as homogeneous media and discuss its effects on the proper selection of the sampling periods of subwavelength diffractive elements. According to this analysis, a 3λ-period blazed binary grating composed of square pillars is designed for He–Ne operation and is fabricated by etching of a TiO2 layer deposited upon a glass substrate. Its first-order measured diffraction efficiency is 12% larger than the theoretical efficiency of an ideal blazed échelette grating in glass with the same period.

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We introduce a new structural cutoff beyond which subwavelength gratings cease to behave as homogeneous media and discuss its effects on the proper selection of the sampling periods of subwavelength diffractive elements. According to this analysis, a 3λ-period blazed binary grating composed of square pillars is designed for He–Ne operation and is fabricated by etching of a TiO2 layer deposited upon a glass substrate. Its first-order measured diffraction efficiency is 12% larger than the theoretical efficiency of an ideal blazed échelette grating in glass with the same period.

Collimating lens

1Laboratoire Charles Fabry de l’Institut d’Optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, B.P. 147, F-91403 Orsay Cedex, France

2Laboratoire de Microstructures et de Microélectronique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 196 Avenue Henri Ravera, B.P. 107, F-92225 Bagneux, France

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strange, like something in a dream or an imaginary world, especially in a way that is not based on practical, reasonable ideas

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