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The zinc-dependent UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC) catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of lipid A, the hydrophobic anchor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that constitutes the outermost monolayer of Gram-negative bacteria. As LpxC is crucial for the survival of Gram-negative organisms and has no sequence homology to known mammalian deacetylases or amidases, it is an excellent target for the design of new antibiotics. The solution structure of LpxC from Aquifex aeolicus in complex with a substrate-analog inhibitor, TU-514, reveals a novel α/β fold, a unique zinc-binding motif and a hydrophobic passage that captures the acyl chain of the inhibitor. On the basis of biochemical and structural studies, we propose a catalytic mechanism for LpxC, suggest a model for substrate binding and provide evidence that mobility and dynamics in structural motifs close to the active site have key roles in the capture of the substrate.

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We thank J. Rudolph for helpful and stimulating discussions. This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and National Institute of General Medical Sciences (to C.R.H.R.), the NIH and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (to P.Z.), the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (to O.H.) and the Whitehead Institute (to P.Z.). X.L. is the recipient of a graduate scholarship in carbohydrate chemistry from the Alberta Research Council.

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Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3711 DUMC, 242 Nanaline Duke Building, Research Drive, Durham, 27710, North Carolina, USA

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A non-polarizing beamsplitter is an optical device to split a light beam into two beams. Cubes are made form a pair of precision high tolerance right angle ...

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Nature Structural & Molecular Biology (Nat Struct Mol Biol) ISSN 1545-9985 (online) ISSN 1545-9993 (print)

Jackman, J.E., Raetz, C.R.H. & Fierke, C.A. UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase of Escherichia coli is a zinc metalloamidase. Biochemistry 38, 1902–1911 (1999).

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