While the reflection for a given thickness, index of refraction, and wavelength can be reduced to zero using the equations above, the index of refraction is dependent on wavelength and so zero reflection occurs only at a single wavelength. For photovoltaic applications, the refractive index, and thickness are chosen in order to minimize reflection for a wavelength of 0.6 µm. This wavelength is chosen since it is close to the peak power of the solar spectrum.

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Steve Mower is a licensed dispensing Optician and creator of Mojo BluBlock Tints. Steve has over 30 years experience in the optical field. He has been a optical retail manager and has consulted on progressive lens development. Steve has been offering unique reading glasses solutions on-line since 2010. Steve is a member of Opticians Association of Virginia and Opticians Association of America.

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The graph shows the effect of a single layer anti-reflection coating on silicon. Use the sliders to adjust the refractive index and thickness of the layer. For simplicity this simulation assumes a constant refractive index for silicon at 3.5. In reality the refractive index of silicon and the coating is a function of wavelength.

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Bare silicon has a high surface reflection of over 30%. The reflection is reduced by texturing and by applying anti-reflection coatings (ARC) to the surface1. Anti-reflection coatings on solar cells are similar to those used on other optical equipment such as camera lenses. They consist of a thin layer of dielectric material, with a specially chosen thickness so that interference effects in the coating cause the wave reflected from the anti-reflection coating top surface to be out of phase with the wave reflected from the semiconductor surfaces. These out-of-phase reflected waves destructively interfere with one another, resulting in zero net reflected energy. In addition to anti-reflection coatings, interference effects are also commonly encountered when a thin layer of oil on water produces rainbow-like bands of color.

The thickness of the anti-reflection coating is chosen so that the wavelength in the dielectric material is one quarter the wavelength of the incoming wave. For a quarter wavelength anti-reflection coating of a transparent material with a refractive index n1 and light incident on the coating with a free-space wavelength λ0, the thickness d1 which causes minimum reflection is calculated by:

All quality lenses whether in telescopes, binoculars, and your smart phone's camera, have an anti-reflective coating. There is no such thing as 100% non-glare lenses but anti-reflective coatings for eyeglasses reduce reflections and glare. They look nicer and you get clearer vision.

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Reflection is further minimized if the refractive index of the anti-reflection coating is the geometric mean of that of the materials on either side; that is, glass or air and the semiconductor. This is expressed by:

For the reflectance at normal incidence we define a series of parameters: r1, r2, and θ. The surrounding region has a refractive index of n0, the ARC has a refractive index of n1 and a thickness of t1, and the silicon has a refractive index of n2.

About Zoom meetings and lighting. A standard AR coating works best. Certain lights like ring lights can cause visible reflections. You can reduce this either by repositioning the light source or switching to a fluorescent light.

Steve Mower - Updated July 29, 2024 Please Note: Mojo BluFilter Standard AR is discontinued. Choose Mojo UV+HEV+IR AR instead. Anti-Reflective Coatings (AR) Better Optical Quality and Appearance All quality lenses whether in telescopes, binoculars, and your smart phone's camera, have an anti-reflective coating. There is no such thing as 100% non-glare lenses but anti-reflective coatings for eyeglasses reduce reflections and glare. They look nicer and you get clearer vision. Anti-Reflective (AR) Coatings, or "Non-Glare" coatings are designed to increase the optical quality of lenses by "pulling" more light through the lenses. Typically, standard, non-blublock AR coatings pull over 99.95% of light through the lens.  A lens without AR will typically reflect off about 20% of the light hitting it. For eyeglass lenses this can look unsightly as people can see a lot of reflections off the front surface of the lenses. AR coated lenses look almost totally clear with very little reflection. How do you know if a lens has an AR coating? If you look at the lens straight on it will look very clear. Held to a slight angle you will see a shimmer of color. The color can be a mix of blue, green, yellow, purple depending on the combinations of minerals used in the AR stack. An AR stack is is the multiple layers of coatings that "pull" the light through the lens. Different manufacturers have their own AR stacks.  High quality AR coatings also have other layers of coatings that make the lenses more scratch resistant, block more UV, and make the lenses less easy to smudge and easier to clean (hydrophobic coatings). About Zoom meetings and lighting. A standard AR coating works best. Certain lights like ring lights can cause visible reflections. You can reduce this either by repositioning the light source or switching to a fluorescent light. Our best lenses for Zoom meetings: Mojo Standard AR Mojo UV-HEV-IR AR - New! Crizal Rock BluFilter Standard AR Mojo 1.67 Ultrathin Standard AR   ANTI-REFLECTIVE LENS TYPES   Standard AR Coatings Pull over 99.95% of light through the lens to your eyes. Cosmetics: Lenses are very clear with no surface glare. Lenses: Mojo Standard AR   BluBlock AR Coatings Specially designed to reflect off a percentage of blue light before entering the lens.  Allows beneficial blue light through to your eyes. Reduces reflections and unwanted glare. Cosmetics: A blue flash off the front surface of the lenses can be seen. This is blue light being reflected off. Lenses: Mojo BluBlock AR, Apex BluBlock AR-T, Crizal Prevencia AR       Blue Filter Lenses with Standard AR Coatings Lenses have a blue filter monomer which filters a percentage of HEV Blue Light. Standard AR Coating does not reflect off blue light. Allows beneficial blue light through to your eyes. Reduces reflections and unwanted glare. Cosmetics: No blue flash off the front surface of the lenses can be seen.  Great for video meetings. Lenses: Crizal Rock, Crizal Rock 1.67, Mojo UV-HEV-IR AR       Blue Filter Lenses with BluBlock AR Coatings (Hybrid) Lenses have a blue filter monomer which filters a percentage of HEV Blue Light. BluBlock AR Coating reflects off blue light. Allows beneficial blue light through to your eyes. Reduces reflections and unwanted glare. Cosmetics: Blue flash off the front surface of the lenses can be seen.  Provides superior blue light protection. Lenses: Zenspex 1.6 BluBlock AR, Kodak Total Blue 1.6 AR  Go here to see a video showing the relative effectiveness of these blublock lens types. Blue light reflected of of BluBlock AR Coatings can be seen: Our Lenses with AR Coatings BLUBLOCK AR LENS NAME  ~TOTAL HEV    BLUE FLASH    OPTION $ Mojo BluBlock AR ~25% YES $15 Apex BluBlock AR-T ~33% YES $20 Zenspex BluBlock 1.6 AR ~80% YES $50 Kodak Total Blue 1.6 AR ~80% YES $80         STANDARD AR LENS NAME ~TOTAL HEV BLUE FLASH OPTION $ Crizal Rock BluFilter Standard AR >20% NO $100 Mojo Standard AR 0.0% NO $15 Mojo Ultrathin 1.67 Standard AR 0.0% NO $60 Mojo UV-HEV-IR AR ~70% NO $60   See our AR Lenses Specifications Read our BluBlock Guide for help in selecting the right blue block option option for you.    Steve Mower is a licensed dispensing Optician and creator of Mojo BluBlock Tints. Steve has over 30 years experience in the optical field. He has been a optical retail manager and has consulted on progressive lens development. Steve has been offering unique reading glasses solutions on-line since 2010. Steve is a member of Opticians Association of Virginia and Opticians Association of America.