All samples were referenced to a Spectralon reflectance standard, which was held in a reflectance standard holder. Solarization-resistant fibers were used to connect the light source and spectrometer to the applicable ports on the integrating sphere. The integrating sphere was then inverted so the port of the sphere could be placed on the sample supported by the reflectance standard holder.

Read the Connected article The tsunami that washed time away and try the learning activities in the teacher support materials.

A tsunami wave coming into a bay can cause the water in the whole bay to ‘slosh’ backwards and forwards. This is called resonance, and it happens when the frequency of the tsunami wave is similar to the natural oscillating frequency (resonant frequency) of the body of water in the bay. Resonance can push the water level really high, making the effect of the tsunami greater.

When waves get to a barrier such as an offshore rock or a small gap such as the opening to a harbour, they don’t go straight past the barrier or carry on straight after going through the gap. Instead, they bend – they curve outwards after passing through a gap and spread around an object. This is diffraction. It happens when the wavelength of the wave and the size of the gap or barrier are similar.

Spectralon white paintreviews

Common scientific concepts can connect seemingly disparate areas of science. For instance, water waves, sound waves and electromagnetic radiation all exhibit similar behaviours. Some of the scientific knowledge obtained in one of these areas can therefore be applied to the others.

Refraction is the reason why surf waves often line up parallel to the beach. Even if waves are coming in from deep water at an angle to the beach, the move to shallower water means that the waves will slow down and curve around (refract) so they are more parallel as the surf hits the beach.

For the glass materials list, click here.

Waves that pass through small gaps (such as between the island and the mainland) diffract – they bend outwards. This can also lead to constructive and destructive interference patterns on the far side of the island.

Paint and coating materials comprise components including pigments, dyes, fillers and binders, with careful mixing of each element contributing to product quality and performance. The ability to evaluate different paint formulations and UV-protective coatings within minutes versus hours can make a big difference in development time and cost.

Use a Mexican wave to demonstrate how waves transfer energy and to help your students visualise the wave behaviours of reflection, constructive interference and shoaling.

Refraction is the change in direction of a wave as it slows down. In shallower water near the coast, waves slow down because of the force exerted on them by the seabed. If a wave is approaching the coast at an angle, the nearshore part of the wave slows more than the offshore part of the wave (because it’s in shallower water). This is why the wavefront changes direction.

Spectralon white paintexterior

Interference is important for surfers because it affects the size of surf waves. When two sets of swells with similar frequencies interact, they interfere with each other and form groups. Within the groups, interference means that the wave height will vary. Surfers can tell from the interference pattern which wave will be the biggest (and the best to surf!), for example, every 7th wave.

Mar 13, 2018 — It's basic geometry: you have a right angle triangle, with half the FOV as one of the angles (a), and half your image size as the opposite ...

When two waves travelling in different directions meet, they combine their energies and form interference patterns. This can result in regions of very high waves when they add up (constructive interference) alternating with regions of diminished or no waves when they cancel out (destructive interference).

Spectralonamazon

SZX7. Zoom Range: 0.8X to 5.6X. Options. Pax-it2 Image Management. Vibration Isolation Platform. HD Camera and Monitor System. Instrument Brochures. Olympus SZX ...

Reflection of water waves at a coast is usually not an important part of their behaviour, unless the coast has a steep cliff or a seawall. However, reflected waves tend to interfere with the oncoming waves, and these patterns can be studied.

There’s a lot more to paint than how fast it dries or what a certain color will look like in your living room. For example, paint has additives designed to absorb UV wavelengths, helping to prevent fading and degradation, and even providing disinfection properties. With a broadband spectral system helping paint researchers to test new formulations more efficiently, manufacturers can produce higher quality, longer-lasting and safer paints.

Reflectance was measured for three different locations on each sample with the gloss trap open and then closed (Figure 1). To avoid setup variability due to fiber movement during the measurements, the sphere was lifted slightly to change samples instead of moving the sphere between samples.

For fast, convenient assessment of paint samples on flat surfaces and substrates, we used an extended-range (UV-Visible-NIR) spectrometer with a broadband light source, integrating sphere for reflectance, and diffuse reflectance standard. This modular setup allowed us to quickly characterize the diffuse, specular and total reflectance characteristics of each sample.

Bigger, more open areas of water like the North Canterbury Bight and the South Taranaki Bight can also amplify tsunami waves through resonance, but with longer periods (for example, 2.5 hours in the North Canterbury Bight).

Roughly measure the window then cut out the light tight material to a size a bit larger than the window. Decided where the lens will go relative to the window ( ...

Spectralonbuy

Samples were measured with an integrating sphere containing a gloss trap, so both total reflectance (gloss trap closed) and diffuse reflectance (gloss trap open) could be measured for samples applied to the middle strip (area) of the flat surfaces. Also, measurements were made for high and low UV reflectivity samples and for the top, middle and bottom strips (no paint applied) of the surfaces. Each sample was measured at three different locations and the spectral data averaged.

All waves behave in certain characteristic ways. They can undergo refraction, reflection, interference and diffraction. These basic properties define the behaviour of a wave – anything that reflects, refracts, diffracts and interferes is labelled a wave.

What isSpectralonused for

Refraction of waves as they enter the shallower water of the West Santa Cruz Island harbour (California). Because they refract in shallower water, water waves (including tsunamis) tend to ‘track around’ complex coastlines.

Edmunds is a technology company that offers an online platform for automotive inventory and information, including expert car reviews.

May 13, 2020 — It contains a lens that magnifies the image produced by the objective lenses. 2. Ocular lens: The ocular lens is located in the eye piece. It ...

The ISP-50-8-R-GT integrating sphere has a 50 mm sphere diameter and gloss trap to enable diffuse and total reflectance measurements. The 600 um core diameter of the fibers matches the optical needs of the integrating sphere, while the fibers’ extreme solarization-resistant properties mitigate degradation that can occur in fibers in the UV region. The STAN-HOLDER is a convenient accessory that can act as both a reflectance standard holder and a sample stage.

This interactive or paper-based Venn diagram can be used to illustrate the key similarities and differences between tsunami waves and surf waves.

Spectralon paint

Different bodies of water have different resonant frequencies – it depends on their size and shape. Lyttelton Harbour and Mercury Bay (Coromandel) are both prone to ‘sloshing’. Mercury Bay has a resonant frequency of 1 hour – once it gets disturbed by a tsunami, it will slosh backwards and forwards every hour, sometimes for several days, before it dissipates.

Spectralonprice

The spherical aberration is caused by the lens field acting inhomogeneously on the off-axis rays. In other words, the rays that are 'parallel' to the optic ...

Reflection of water waves off cliffs at a coast is usually not an important part of coastal wave behaviour, unless the coast has a steep cliff or seawall.

Your lens acts as a prism, causing chromatic aberration. The prism bends light such that colors flowing through the lens are split at various angles. It is ...

Spectralon White paintprice

In this application to analyze paint formulations, an Ocean Optics spectrometer setup measures the reflectance of painted surfaces.

A tsunami wave can reflect off continental shelves, ocean ridges and large reefs under the sea. Reflected tsunami waves off an ocean ridge to the west of Sri Lanka and south-west of India contributed to the damage on the western side of Sri Lanka during the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami.

Figure 1. The total reflectance spectra here are the average of spectra measured at three locations in the middle strip of a flat surface. Data was also acquired for the paint applied to the areas above and below the middle strip. There may be some error in the reflectance data associated with a missing gloss trap piece for the integrating sphere, which we addressed by slightly modifying the accessory.

Aputure F10 Fresnel Module for LS600 [APA0172A30] - Lighting Accessories: The Aputure F10 Fresnel is the first Bowens Mount Fresnel on the market made to ...

Because integrating spheres attenuate light levels significantly during reflectance measurements, we selected the Ocean HDX-XR as our spectrometer, for its great sensitivity from 200-1100 nm. The additional slit provides versatility.

Diffraction is interesting to wave researchers because it means that wave energy reaches ‘shadow zones’ where you wouldn’t otherwise expect energy to be. It’s an important part of wave behaviour at ports, harbours, built structures and offshore islands. Diffraction is more important in shallow water than it is in deep water.

Explore the fundamental characteristics of waves – these can help us understand why they behave the way they do. Waves transfer energy and shoaling converts the kinetic energy in a tsunami wave into potential energy. Comparing tsunamis and surf explores the key similarities and differences between tsunamis and surf waves.

Refraction is very important for tsunamis because (unlike other waves) they interact with the seabed even in deep water – so they are always undergoing refraction. This affects the direction that the tsunami travels through the ocean. Tsunamis also refract around land masses.

These behaviours of waves can help us understand how water waves interact with land. Out in the deep ocean, tsunamis and wind-generated waves settle to quite steady predictable wave patterns. However, as they approach the complex coastline of New Zealand, they can refract, diffract, be reflected and interfere with one another. Together, these behaviours direct the course and effects of waves around New Zealand’s coast.

We analyzed five samples applied to flat surfaces: three different white paints, a highly reflective UV aluminum strip, and a highly absorptive UV strip.

Optical Breadboards are smaller, easier to maintain optical work surfaces compared to standard optical tables, making them ideal for portable applications or ...