LensesPhysics

At issue here is whether the value of the task order will be above or below the $10 million threshold for our jurisdiction. The TOPR, as amended, provides for evaluation of price and non-price factors, and states that the evaluated total price of a proposal will be “the total of all the priced line items for the base year and all options.” Agency Report (AR), Tab 14, TOPR amend. 3, at 21, 22. The independent government estimate (IGE), which the Army calculated by including estimates for the base year, three one-year options, and one ten-day transition option, values the order at approximately $[deleted] million. AR, Tab 3, IGE, at 3.

Yes, the combined power of two thick lenses can be negative if the individual powers of the lenses have opposite signs. This indicates that the two lenses are diverging and the combination of the two will result in a weaker overall power. For example, if one lens has a power of +5 diopters and the other has a power of -3 diopters, the combined power would be +2 diopters.

[1] The facts alleged and arguments raised by this protest are virtually identical to those denied by our Office in Edmond Scientific Co., B-410179, B-410179.2, Nov. 12, 2014, 2014 CPD ¶ 336.

Edmond is mistaken. Our Office has determined that the value of a task order may include the value of options, including an option to extend services under FAR clause 52.217-8, when the value of the option (if exercised) is evident from the face of the solicitation. Serco Inc., B-406061, B-406061.2, Feb. 1, 2012, 2012 CPD ¶ 61 at 6-7. While the TOPR here required contractors to submit prices for the base period and option periods 1-4, it did not require submission of prices that would be used if the Army exercised its option to extend services under FAR clause 52.217-8, nor did it provide any formula for calculating these prices.[2] In this regard, Edmond’s reliance on the TOPR’s statement that “the total evaluated price for orders would include all priced line items for the base year and all option periods” is misplaced, since the option-to-extend period here is not to be priced in proposals nor included in the evaluation of proposals.

Lens system

Edmond argues that the IGE does not accurately represent the value of the order, because the TOPR also included FAR clause 52.217-8, which reserves for the government a six-month option to extend services. Comments at 8. In this regard, the protester relies on the statement in the TOPR that the total evaluated price would include “all option periods,” and maintains that “all option periods” must include the option to extend. Comments at 9; AR, Tab 14, TOPR amend. 3, at 21, 22. Edmond contends that including the value of the option to extend in the IGE--which in the protester’s view, should be valued at half the value of the third option year--would increase the task order’s value above the $10 million threshold. Comments at 9, 10.

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Lensesin series

The relation for the combination of two thick lenses is given by the lens maker's formula, which states that the combined power of two lenses is equal to the sum of their individual powers. This can be expressed as: Fcombined = F1 + F2 where Fcombined is the combined power, F1 is the power of the first lens, and F2 is the power of the second lens.

Edmond Scientific Company (Edmond), of Chantilly, Virginia protests the decision by the Department of the Army, Medical Research Acquisition Activity, not to set aside for small businesses a task order proposal request (TOPR) No. TOPR 14MC22318, issued under a multiple-award, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (ID/IQ) contract for a variety of business-process and other support services. The protester argues that the Army's decision not to reserve this task order for small business participation lacked a reasonable basis, was an abuse of discretion, and violated Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 19.502-2(b), the so-called "Rule of Two."

Thick lens

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GAO lacks jurisdiction to hear protest of task order solicitation where independent government estimate of task order’s value, exclusive of the value of option to extend services, is below $10 million and solicitation does not provide for evaluation of option to extend services.

[3] The protester also asserts that it expects its price will exceed the $10 million threshold and that this fact should be considered in addition to the Army’s IGE. Comments at 7, 8. We note that the agency has suspended the TOPR pending our resolution of this pre-closing protest, and therefore, has not yet received proposals. AR, Tab 15, TOPR amend. 4. Accordingly, we cannot rely on the value of submitted proposals to determine the value of the task order. See ICI Servs., Inc., B-409231.2, Apr. 23, 2014, 2014 CPD ¶ 132 at 3 n.3 (considering value of offerors’ submitted proposals for purposes of determining GAO jurisdiction).

Edmond Scientific Company (Edmond), of Chantilly, Virginia protests the decision by the Department of the Army, Medical Research Acquisition Activity, not to set aside for small businesses a task order proposal request (TOPR) No. TOPR 14MC22318, issued under a multiple-award, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (ID/IQ) contract for a variety of business-process and other support services. The protester argues that the Army’s decision not to reserve this task order for small business participation lacked a reasonable basis, was an abuse of discretion, and violated Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) § 19.502-2(b), the so-called “Rule of Two.” [1]

Lens equation

Protests filed with our Office in connection with the issuance or proposed issuance of a task or delivery order under a multiple-award contract are not authorized except where the order is valued over $10 million, or where the protester can show that the order increases the scope, period, or maximum value of the contract under which the order is issued. 10 U.S.C. § 2304c(e) (2012); see e.g., e-Management Consultants, Inc.; Centech Group, Inc., B-400585.2, B-400585.3, Feb. 3, 2009, 2009 CPD ¶ 39 at 6.

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DOCUMENT FOR PUBLIC RELEASE The decision issued on the date below was subject to a GAO Protective Order. This redacted version has been approved for public release.

[2] The facts here are distinguishable from our decision in Serco Inc., supra, where the solicitation expressly provided for the evaluation of the value of the option to extend services. See also Major Contracting Servs., Inc., B-401472, Sept. 14, 2009, 2009 CPD ¶ 170 at 4 (where option to extend is not evaluated as part of the initial competition, contract extension is effectively a new procurement); Id. at 6 (rejecting argument that evaluating base year and option year prices is equivalent to evaluating price for option to extend).

LensesMCAT

The formula for calculating the combined focal length of two thick lenses is similar to the lens maker's formula, but it is given in terms of the focal lengths instead of the powers. The formula is: fcombined = (f1 * f2) / (f1 + f2 - d) where fcombined is the combined focal length, f1 and f2 are the focal lengths of the individual lenses, and d is the distance between the two lenses.

In sum, the protester has not shown the agency’s IGE to be inconsistent with the terms of the TOPR or an inaccurate measure of the total value of the task order. Since that value is below $10 million, our Office does not have jurisdiction to consider the protest.[3]

Lens combination calculator

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The distance between two thick lenses, also known as the lens separation, can affect their combined power. The lens maker's formula and the formula for combined focal length both include the lens separation term (d). As the distance between the lenses increases, the combined power decreases and vice versa. This is because a greater distance between the lenses allows for more diverging light rays to pass through, resulting in a weaker overall power.

Ron R. Hutchinson, Esq., Doyle & Bachman LLP, for the protester. Scott N. Flesch, Esq., Frank A. March, Esq., Department of the Army, for the agency. Lois Hanshaw, Esq., and Christina Sklarew, Esq., Office of the General Counsel, GAO, participated in the preparation of the decision.

The combined power of two thick lenses can be calculated using the lens maker's formula, which states that the combined power is equal to the sum of the individual powers. This formula can be written as: Fcombined = F1 + F2 where Fcombined is the combined power, F1 is the power of the first lens, and F2 is the power of the second lens.

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Combination oflensesexamples

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