PLANET ICS-2400T Serial Device Server is specially designed to convert RS232, RS422 or RS485 serial communication to Industrial Fast Ethernet networking so as to extend the network distance efficiently and inexpensively. There are two 10/100BASE-TX RJ45 ports available in the ICS-2400T for your network needs. The ICS-2400T is a time-saving and cost-effective solution for users and system integrators to quickly transform their serial devices into the Ethernet network with no need of replacing the existing serial devices and software system.

So, the clue is the diagonal dimension of the sensor. The crop factor is the ratio on the full-frame diagonal to the diagonal of the sensor we calculate. Pythagorean theory will help us to calculate the diagonal knowing both horizontal and vertical sides of the rectangle.

A lot of photographers with the two most common sensor crop factors: 1.6x for Canon, and 1.5x for Nikon and others. But let’s have a look how is this number calculated and how does it affect your final photo.

The table below shows some common crop factors for the modern cameras. With those values, you can easily calculate the effective focal length and know your photographic equipment better.

The “Crop Factor” is the ratio of a given sensor to the standard 35mm sensor, also known as a full-frame sensor. This element determines the actual or equivalent angle of view and hence visible area of the lens on the given camera.

To find a crop factor of any given sensor, we need to calculate the diagonal. In case of the amateur level, Nikon DSLR cameras the dimensions are 23.6mm x 15.6mm.

Most of the enterprises and government use access control plate and Mifare or RFID to authorize entrance identity. Traditionally, the access control machines use RS232 or RS485 serial interface with their cables connecting to login server. By applying the ICS-2400T, the access control machine is able to extend the network over longer distances via Ethernet interfaces. In addition, the ICS-2400T can be linked to an xDSL router to get the internet access capability so that the access control can be set and monitored over the internet.

In other words, Effective Focal Length is equal to Focal Length multiplied by the Crop Factor. As simple as that. For instance, if you have a lens 24-70mm, then the actual, effective focal length on the amateur Nikon camera with crop factor = 1.5 will be 36-105mm. This focal range increase naturally affects the angle of view because the longer the focal length, the narrower the angle.

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The standard focal length is what the manufacturer writes on the lens. But the crop factor affects it. So, the effective focal length is the actual resulting value that the lens has on the camera with the crop factor adjustments. For your reference, sometimes it is called Effective Focal Range.

The ICS-2400T features a strong dual power input system with wide-ranging voltages (12V~48V DC) incorporated into customer’s automation network to enhance system reliability and uptime. In the example below, when Power Supply 1 fails to work, the hardware failover function will be activated automatically to keep powering the ICS-2400T via Power Supply 2 without any break of operation.

With digital input and digital output on its front panel, an external alarm can help users via the digital input to detect and log external device status (such as door intrusion detector), and then immediately send an event alarm to the administrator. The digital output can be used to alarm the administrator if the ICS-2400T serial port shows DCD, changed DSR or power failure.

In other words, the 24mm lens with the 24mm set as current focal length delivers 36mm on the camera with 1.5 crop factor. This fact is neither good nor bad. For a landscape it can be bad, rendering your wide lens not as wide. As opposed to the telescopic lens, where it increases your reach. 300mm turns into 450mm, which is an incredible level up.

To monitor, configure and manage the robotic conveyer including other production machines, PLC (Programmable Logical Control) is required to drive the above manufacturing process. The ICS-2400T can be set to the TCP Server mode and connected to the PLC.  Thus, the administrator can configure and set command settings through Fast Ethernet intranet to remotely control the PLC, without having to stand by the I/O machine.

Using pair connection mode via the fiber optical patch cord, the ICS-2400T can extend the distance of the deployed devices via RS232, RS422 and RS485 interfaces, making the remote management of these devices from the monitoring center easier and efficient.

As you can see with the same physical focal length F, the angle a2 is smaller than a1. This fact means that on the cropped sensor you actually see the narrower area through the viewfinder. In reality, this narrow fielf of view effect is the same effect as if you zoomed in a little bit. And so this virtual zoom in focal length is the effective focal length. Hopefully, it clarified things instead of making them even fuzzier.

The dimensions of the full-frame sensor are 24mm and 36mm. Therefore, the crop factor formula gives us  √(242 + 362) = 43.27mm

The ICS-2400T, equipped with compact IP40 standard metal case, allows either DIN-rail or wall mounting for efficient use of cabinet space.  The ICS-2400T also provides an integrated power supply source with a wide range of voltages (12 to 48V DC) ideally suitable for worldwide operation with high availability applications requiring dual or backup power inputs.

This Wikipedia article has a wider list of sensors. I’m sure with the new knowledge you can now easily calculate all crop factors you need.

As the ICS-2400T provides an easy serial-to-Ethernet connectivity and connection to a TCP/IP network, the remote network system can thus be managed efficiently via its Web, telnet and VCOM management interfaces. It supports both application and serial operation modes for alarm or IP address connection, which saves the network administrator’s time in detecting and locating network problems without visual inspection of the cabling and devices.  Multiple connection options are available for large networking environment as well.

Effective Focal Length (EFL) is the focal length affected by the camera’s crop factor. The numbers in the lens’ manual show some focal length values that this particular lens can use. For instance, 15-30mm means that the lens can be anywhere from 15 mm 30 mm. Of course, that explains it, right? Let’s take a closer look at all these terms.

The ICS-2400T provides a high level of immunity against electromagnetic interference and heavy electrical surges which are usually found on plant floors or in curbside traffic control cabinets. Its operating temperature ranging from -40 to 75 degrees C allows the ICS-2400T to be placed in almost any difficult environment.

The ICS-2400T comes with a Fault Alarm feature which can alert the users when there is something wrong with the Serial Device Server. With this ideal feature, the users would not have to waste time finding where the problem is. It will help to save time and human resource. The ICS-2400T provides event alert function to help to diagnose the abnormal device owing to whether or not there is a break of the network connection, or the rebooting response.