Written below is a simple protocol detailing a method to create a fluorescent test sample that can be used to measure the illumination uniformity of your ...

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

Edmund Optics® has the expertise to provide stock and custom aspheric lenses. Our specialty is precision polished and precision molded aspheric lenses. Color-corrected aspheres are available for broadband applications and we offer lens options for the entire infrared spectrum. Contact us with your requirements and our expert staff of optical manufacturing engineers will work closely with you to make sure we deliver aspheric lenses that meet your system's needs within your budget constraints.

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1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

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As you would probably expect, dark interfaces are ideal for nighttime or evening environments, whereas lighter ones are suited for the daytime. The harsh bright ...

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The Ranking is the same for the chart and gallery images and closely follows MTF50 (above), but the Sharpness numbers are (as expected) scaled differently. The Sharpness (gradient) ratios are 12.5/3.77 = 3.32 for the chart images and 27.8/7.04 = 3.95 for the gallery images. This compares with an MTF50 ratio (for the chart images) of 0.468/0.090 = 5.2.

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

Das Kohärenzgefühl stellt eines der vier Kernkomponenten des Modells der Salutogenese nach Antonovsky dar. Das Kohärenzgefühl basiert auf ...

Edmund Optics® is a recognized leader in aspheric lens manufacturing, with extensive experience producing aspheric lenses for a broad variety of applications. Edmund Optics’ high volume aspheric lens manufacturing cell operates 24 hours a day to produce thousands of precision aspheric lenses per month. These applications range from life science systems such as ophthalmic instruments and surgical devices, to industrial laser equipment, to metrology and analytical instruments, to defense applications. Our manufacturing cells feature state-of-the-art production and metrology equipment, which complements our expert knowledge in aspheric lens design and manufacturing. Whether your application calls for a stock component from our vast inventory, a build-to-print lens, or a fully customized design effort, our expert optical design and manufacturing engineers can develop solutions to meet your needs. Contact us today to speak with an expert or receive an expedited quote.

* The term dual use is often used to describe the types of items subject to the EAR (Export Administration Regulations). A dual use item is one that has civil applications as well as military or weapons of mass destruction (WMD)-related applications.

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From small molded aspheres for use with MWIR quantum cascade lasers, to families of germanium and zinc selenide aspheres, we offer solutions for the entire infrared spectrum.

Edmund Optics® manufacturers millions of optics every year throughout our four global facilities. Join us as we take you through the creation of an aspheric lens, from molding to grinding to polishing, centering, and metrology.

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

The slight edge overshoot is unlikely to be objectionable. Image appearance is definitely improved. Much, but not all, of the original sharpness can be recovered because there is little MTF response above 0.35 C/P.

In the sections below, the right side of the edge and the entire image are subjected to a variety of signal processing steps: blurring (similar to what might be expected from poor quality or out of focus lenses), sharpening, and combinations of the two (similar to real-world conditions, when blurry images are sharpened). Note that sharpening increases MTF at high spatial frequencies; blurring (lowpass filtering) decreases it.

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Imatest’s Find Sharp Files module can produce sharpness rankings for the above files. It works on any set of similar images— not just test charts. Results are based on the absolute values of the gradients (directional derivatives) of the linearized pixel levels (yes, geeky stuff). The Sharpness numbers in the talbes below are completely arbitrary; they’re dependent on the image and crop area, i.e.,; they’re not a standard measurement and cannot be used to compare different images (or even different crops of the same image).

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1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

We offer several unique families of aspheric lenses, designed to provide both spherical and chromatic aberration correction. These families are ideal for applications requiring near-diffraction limited focusing performance over a range of wavelengths.

Use our Quote Request Form to upload a drawing for quote. or fill out the General Request Form below to get in touch.

Shop Edmund Optics® Marketplace for the world’s largest selection of off-the-shelf optical components with same-day shipping.

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1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

Precision polished aspheric lenses are ideal for the most demanding applications. Designed to offer high numerical apertures, while creating diffraction-limited spot sizes.

Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is a fundamental measure of imaging system sharpness. It is introduced in Sharpness and discussed further in Sharpening. MTF is measured by Imatest SFR, SFRplus, and by several Rescharts modules.

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The most frequent questions that arise in sharpness (MTF) testing are “What does the MTF curve mean?” and “How does MTF correlate with image appearance?”

Digital single-lens reflex camera ... A digital single-lens reflex camera (digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and mechanisms of a ...

S Hartmann · 2010 · 1 — Kohärent/Kohärenz. S. Hartmann. Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Scientific › peer-review. Overview. Original language ...

The slight edge overshoot is unlikely to be objectionable. Image appearance is definitely improved, but the original sharpness cannot be recovered because there is little MTF response above 0.2 C/P.

As I hope you recognize, Depth of Field refers to the appearance of relative image sharpness in the objects in the scene toward which the lens is pointed. While ...

The slight (7%) edge overshoot is unlikely to be objectionable under most viewing conditions. Image appearance is definitely improved.

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

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In the MTF plots, the upper plot represents the average edge response, i.e., it corresponds directly to what the eye sees on edges. The lower plot contains the MTF curve (the subject of this article!), i.e., contrast as a function of spatial frequency, expressed here in units of cycles per pixel (C/P). Note that these two curves have an inverse relationship: reducing the edge rise distance (10-90% rise) extends the MTF response (measured by MTF50).

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Understanding image sharpness and MTF  A multi-part series by the author of Imatest, mostly written prior to Imatest’s founding. Moderately technical.

Note that the reference image is not “ideal” in any sense. It could have been made sharper, though this might have introduced some aliasing which would have made the slanted-edges more jagged. Sharpness is typical of Digital SLR cameras with good lenses and conservative amounts of sharpening, i.e. not oversharpened.

1.  Reference 2.  Sharpen 3.  USM R=1 4.  USM R=2 5.  Blur 6.  Blur More 7.  Gaussian Blur R=2 8.  Blur + USM R=1 9.  Blur More + USM R=1 10. Gauss Blur + USM R=2

9. Blur More with USM (R = 1), which improves visual sharpness. The original sharpness cannot be recovered entirely, but the perceptual improvement may make it acceptable in many cases.

8. Blur with USM (R = 1), which improves visual sharpness. Much, but not quite all, of the original sharpness can be recovered.

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In this page we attempt to answer these questions through examples that let you quickly compare images with corresponding MTF curves by clicking on Quick links to the left of each each edge image.

How to Read MTF Curves by H. H. Nasse of Carl Zeiss. Excellent, thorough introduction. 33 pages long; requires patience. Has a lot of detail on the MTF curves similar to the Lens-style MTF curve in SFRplus. Even more detail in Part II.

The edge overshoot may be somewhat objectionable in highly enlarged images. It’s unlikely to be an issue at small enlargements. This amount of overshoot is common in compact digital cameras.

As you observe the images on this page, keep in mind that viewing conditions strongly affect perceived sharpness— and that these images do not represent typical viewing conditions. They are reproduced full size, i.e., one image pixel occupies one screen pixe. For most digital cameras they are are crops of very large images. For example, Dell’s 20-23 inch flat screen monitors have dot pitches in the range of 0.25 to 0.28mm (91-102 pixels per inch). My 10-Megapixel Canon EOS-40D produces 3888×2592 pixel images (quite an ordinary number these days). Assuming 0.27mm pixel pitch (94 pixels per inch), total image size would be 105x70cm (41.3×27.5in); larger than most images are ever likely to be reproduced. In most cases the visual appearance corresponding to a given MTF curve will be better than what you see on this page.

The sharpness of both images is dominated by the resize operation, i.e., they are equally sharp. The MTF plots represent both the edge and the image.

This section shows how sharpening (using Unsharp Mask (USM)) can recover some (but not all) of the visual degradation in blurred images.

Sharpness is moderately degraded— slightly more than for Blur. Noticeable at most magnifications. There is little contrast above 0.35 C/P.

Edmund Optics, established in 1942, is a globally recognized leader in providing optics, imaging, and photonics solutions. Headquartered in Barrington ...

This section shows the effects of blurring. MTF is representative of what you might get from mediocre lenses or poor focus.

Perceived sharpness of real images is dependent on image (& reproduced pixel) size, viewing distance, illumination, and the Human Visual System, whose Contrast Sensitivity function is described here.

10. Gaussian blur (R = 2) with USM (R = 2), which improves visual sharpness. The original sharpness cannot be recovered because there is little MTF response above 0.2 C/P.

The slight edge overshoot (11%) is unlikely to be objectionable. Image appearance is definitely improved. Most of the original sharpness is recovered.

Bob Atkins has an excellent introduction to MTF and SQF. SQF (subjective quality factor) is a measure of perceived print sharpness that incorporates the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) of the human eye. It will be added to Imatest Master in late October 2006.