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Photography is more than just the click of a shutter; it’s a way to freeze time, capture memories and communicate visually. And as we spend more of our time online, capturing these moments has become an integral part of our lives. Whether you’re a seasoned professional or someone who’s just starting to dip their toes into photography, the camera you choose can make all the difference. But with an array of options available – ranging from classic film cameras to advanced mirrorless cameras and even smartphones with AI-powered lenses – the task of choosing the right camera can be overwhelming, to say the least.

Point-and-shoot cameras are compact, convenient, and designed for simplicity. They typically come with a fixed lens, meaning you can’t change it out for a different one. These cameras automatically adjust settings like focus, exposure and shutter speed, taking much of the guesswork out of photography, freeing you to simply be in the moment and concentrate on composition and capturing the scene. Advanced point-and-shoot cameras, like the Sony RX100 series, tend to offer some level of manual control, along with features like optical zoom and image stabilisation.

History and Market PositionOriginally designed for capturing extreme sports, their versatility has opened up uses ranging from vlogging to drone photography.

The prominence of DSLRs in the market is rooted in their history and their adaptability. They offer a wide range of interchangeable lenses, from wide-angle to telephoto, giving photographers the flexibility to shoot in a variety of situations. High-quality image sensors and fast autofocus systems also make DSLRs well-suited for action photography and low-light conditions. However, as the technology has matured, the industry has begun to shift toward the more compact mirrorless cameras. Despite this, DSLRs continue to be a reliable choice for many photographers, owing to their robust build, battery longevity, and the extensive range of available lenses and accessories. In fact, many professional photographers still prefer to shoot with workhorse DSLRs like the Canon EOS-1D X Mark III or the Nikon D6.

History and Market PositionSmartphone cameras have become the most common type of camera, thanks to their convenience and increasingly sophisticated technology. Artificial intelligence has helped smartphone cameras close the gap with traditional cameras, offering features like improved low-light performance and depth perception.

Field of view vsangleof view

History and Market PositionOnce the pinnacle of digital photography, DSLRs are now facing stiff competition from mirrorless models. However, they remain popular among professionals and serious hobbyists for their extensive lens options and battery life.

We want to control what goes onto the sensor, and we use position, technique and different lenses to achieve our goals.  If we are in a small room and want to get the whole thing in, we would typically go to a wide-angle lens.  Does the focal length number really matter?  It does not, what matters is if we have enough angle of view to obtain our goal.

The development and adoption of mirrorless technology has marked a significant shift in photography. While DSLRs have been the go-to choice for professionals for many years since digital photography became the norm, the technological advancements in mirrorless cameras have made them equally – if not more – capable in terms of image quality, autofocus and versatility. The absence of a mirror allows for faster shooting speeds, quieter operation and the ability to incorporate advanced features like in-body image stabilisation. They have become particularly popular among both hobbyists and professionals who are looking for high-quality performance in a more portable package.

This chart will not cover every possible angle of view, but it does provide some very common examples, and you will start to see why you may choose a full frame sensor if you want to go really wide, or maybe a micro four thirds for a super telephoto that doesn’t require the assistance of the Hulk to carry around. There are other factors that come to bear based on sensor size, but that’s a different conversation.

field ofview中文

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Some makers, such as Fujifilm, use the full frame numbering system even though they only make one sensor size.  So, when Fujifilm released their very fast and optically excellent 56mm, it was built to deliver the same angle of view as an 85mm on full frame.  This was necessary to get film camera shooters to embrace the idea of crop sensors, because they thought more about angle of view than they did focal length numbers or sensor size.

History and Market PositionOnce the go-to for casual photographers, point-and-shoot cameras have somewhat fallen out of favour due to the rise of smartphones, which have all but eaten away their share of the market. However, point-and-shoot cameras still find a niche among those who want something better than a phone but simpler than a mirrorless camera.

What most of us are really looking for is control of what shows up on the image. For the vast majority, we could not care less about focal length numbers, what we really care about is what the sensor captures and how that communicates the image that we want to make and the story that we want to tell.

What we learn from this chart is that with lenses on crop sensor bodies, the focal length numbers that are stenciled on the lens do not provide the same angle of view as on full frame.  So, if you have an 18-55mm lens on your crop sensor and set it at 18mm, the angle of view is actually much more like the angle of view of a 28mm on full frame. There are many reasons why makers did not modify the markings on their lenses for crop sensor cameras, very few of which are customer oriented.

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fov和焦距的关系

Action cameras are small, portable, and often rugged devices designed to capture high-quality video and stills in a variety of dynamic environments. Unlike traditional cameras, action cameras are built to be highly durable, water-resistant, and often shockproof. These cameras are intended for capturing fast-paced activities, whether it’s mountain biking, skydiving, or scuba diving. GoPro, with its HERO Black series, has long been the most popular action camera around. There have been lots of other competitors over the years, but none of them have matched GoPro for features and quality. The only brand that’s come closest is DJI, with its Osmo Action range.

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Smartphone cameras have become an indispensable tool in modern photography, offering unparalleled convenience and portability. While they may not replace specialised equipment for professional use, the capabilities of smartphone cameras have advanced dramatically over the years. Today’s high-end models, like the iPhone 15 Pro or the Google Pixel 8 Pro, come equipped with multiple lenses, impressive low-light performance and in some cases even LiDAR technology for improved depth sensing.

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It's really not about the numbers at all, they are just measurements that only matter when you use them as guides for defining the angle of view that you desire. A Bugatti Chiron delivers a maximum of 1500 brake horsepower, yet it doesn’t matter for a drive to the milk store. Choose your lens and angle of view range based on what you want to get out of your images and let the focal length numbers fall where they do.

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One of the most significant advancements in smartphone photography has been the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Through computational photography, AI algorithms enhance image quality in real-time, often matching and sometimes even exceeding the capabilities of traditional cameras. Features like portrait mode, Night Sight, and Smart HDR rely on AI to analyse and adjust settings instantaneously, making it easier for users to capture professional-quality photos without the need for manual adjustments. These advancements have democratised photography, allowing virtually anyone with a smartphone to become an amateur photographer capable of producing high-quality images.

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The rise of action cameras has had a significant impact on how we capture and share experiences. They have enabled adventurers, athletes, and vloggers to easily record footage from unique perspectives, thanks to their small size and mounting capabilities. While they may lack the image quality and versatility of more traditional camera types, action cameras excel in situations that require durability and portability. In addition to their robust build, these cameras usually offer a wide-angle field of view to capture as much of the action as possible, along with features like image stabilisation, slow-motion capture, and easy integration with mobile apps for on-the-go editing.

fov参数

Specialised cameras are designed to serve very particular needs or capture specific types of images. Whether you’re a traditionalist who prefers film or a tech-savvy photographer who loves new gadgets, or perhaps you have a very specific subject you want to capture, there’s a specialised camera out there for you. Some of the most popular options include:

Instant cameras, such as the Fujifilm Instax series, offer immediate gratification by printing photos on the spot. They’re great for social events and scrapbooking, offering a tangible memento that digital photos can’t provide.

Angle of view allows the creative to manage what is in and what is not in frame in conjunction with other conscious actions such as framing and composition.  Understanding how focal length changes with sensor size can be helpful, but it may be simpler to not worry about the focal length and simply drive to the angle of view that you want.

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The focal length of a lens is the distance (D) between the plane of the sensor (C) and the optical centre or nodal point (B) of the lens. This determines the ...

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These cameras capture a 360-degree field of view, offering the viewer an immersive experience. The GoPro MAX and the Insta360 One X are popular examples of this type of camera, and you can even spend thousands and buy professional 360 cameras. These types of cameras are ideal for virtual tours, adventure photography or capturing large scenes in a single shot.

Best Scenarios for UseExcellent for vlogging, street photography and even professional work due to their smaller size and quality output.

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Best Scenarios for UseExcellent for social media, casual photography, and even some niche professional applications like street photography.

The seller is accurate, but unfortunately not helping.  This kind of discussion goes on every day in the world of digital photography and breeds all kinds of back and forth about what’s better.  It applies less for folks shooting micro four-thirds because the focal length numbers are actually correct for the sensor size.

Film cameras are the old-school choice, utilising rolls of film to capture images. These cameras offer a unique experience, as they require a deep understanding of exposure, aperture and shutter speed. Popular film cameras that many people still use today include the Canon AE-1 and the Leica M6.

I wrote an article some months ago for the folks at Henry's on the subject of why angle of view might be more relevant to photographers than focal length.  It was well received, although one fellow got his shorts in a knot because he didn't like the approach, although he agreed that everything I wrote was true.  It's fair to disagree on approach, but when it gets coupled with insults, that's indicative of immaturity and a desperate need to get a life.  The internet enables people to trash others by hiding in anonymity.  So here's the deal.  You don't have to agree and if you really hate what I write, that's cool and move along.

The combination of focal length and sensor size go together to define the diagonal angle of view, basically a measure of the angle between the two farthest separated points the in the frame, the diagonally opposite corners.

History and Market PositionEmerging as a serious competitor to DSLRs in the last decade, mirrorless cameras are increasingly the choice for professionals and amateurs alike due to their blend of size and performance.

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Whether you’re a novice looking to get started or a seasoned photographer considering an upgrade, read on to gain valuable insights that will help you make an informed choice.

FOV tofocal lengthcalculator

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Drones with cameras, such as the DJI Mavic series, are excellent for capturing aerial photographs and video. Drones are ideal for landscape photography, photographing real estate and surveying large areas.

This is why I encourage people not to get all hung up on focal lengths, far better to try different lenses and find one that fits your goals.  Zoom lenses tend to be great places to start to solve this problem because by moving the elements in a zoom, we can obtain a range of angles of view across the zoom range.  In fairness we usually do not think in terms of angle of view, so the idea of focal length is a simple way to define a coverage angle.  We all know that an 11mm-24mm zoom has a range of wider angles of view, than a 70mm-200mm lens.

Ever since makers starting building cameras using the focal lengths from 35mm film attached to sensors that were not the same size as a 35mm negative we have had to deal with the silliness of crop factor.  Let's consider this real world situation that I heard in a store.

2011621 — A variable focal length lens is made in such a way that the focal length can be varied by changing the relative positions of the optical elements inside it.

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This is because the camera you use becomes an extension of your vision. From the casual shutterbug to the aspiring professional, choosing the right camera is a crucial first step.

Best Scenarios for UseSuitable for professional photography, fine art and any scenario where high-quality images are a must.

Seller : “You are correct!  You have a crop sensor camera, so when you mount a 35mm lens, it’s not really a 35mm look, it looks like a 52.5mm lens”

In an article that I wrote on the fallacy of lens compression, I included an image with coverage frames overlaid on it to show the angle of view for a fixed shooting position and a fixed subject distance.  Here I will do the same thing, however this time, I will enhance the frames to include the angle of view and labeled focal length using 35mm full frame as a base line, and then you can use the chart above to find the stenciled focal length for your sensor.

If we use the Nikon/Sony crop sensor example we see that to get the same angle of view as is found on a 300mm lens on a full frame camera, we need only mount a lens labeled 200mm.  This lens will be likely physically smaller and perhaps lighter and less expensive. However, this lens which is stenciled for full frame but is built for crop sensor will not work completely on a full frame camera.

This comprehensive guide aims to demystify the process by providing an in-depth look at the different types of cameras available on the market. We’ll explore their unique features, explore their history, and offer insights into their current position in the industry. We’ll also weigh the pros and cons of each to help you better understand which camera type aligns with your needs, skills, and photographic aspirations.

Field of view

Anyhow back to the premise.  I meet lots of newer creatives, whether shooting stills or video and they are rarely concerned about the physical focal length of a lens, which is particularly irrelevant as an indicator when crop sensor cameras get involved as they always reference lenses as if they are full frame even when not.  What real creatives are concerned about is the image and what goes in it and what does not.  This is partially managed by angle of view.

Contrary to some tall tales, crop factor is simply a mathematical factor that describes the percentage change of a given sensor based against an established standard of full frame 35mm negative size.  Some cameras such as micro four thirds actually label their lenses properly for the sensor size in use, but all crop sensor cameras be they DSLR or Mirrorless do not.  Thus, we must apply crop factor math to achieve the angle of view that we desire.

Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) cameras have long been the standard for both amateur photographers and professionals alike. A DSLR employs a mirror mechanism to direct light from the lens up into an optical viewfinder, allowing you to see exactly what the lens sees. This is different from mirrorless cameras, which provide a digital preview directly from the image sensor. Popular DSLR models include the Canon EOS series, Nikon D series and the Pentax K-series.

Focal length

Firstly I used a Canon Powershot SX730HS and i was Canon itself who suggested to me the best type of camera to buy a few years ago: a Canon DSLR 200d and two different lenses – EF 55-250mm IS and an EF Macro 100mm 1:2.8 IS USM, to which I added an extension tube EF 12 II. Afterwards, I bought a TAMRON lens 18-400 mm f/3.5/6.3 . However, on a dayly basis, I still prefer the portable Powershot for quick/unexpected situations, although I recognize that the images quality is not the best. But I have to also inform that I’m a 75 years old woman and regrettably cannot carry many/heavy equipment or even go walking in rough soil, etc. That’s when I “discovered” a passion for macro photography.

Customer : “I have a Nikon.  It has a crop factor of 1.5.  If I buy a lens that says it is 35mm, it doesn’t look the same as pictures that I took with my old Nikon film camera.  This is so confusing.”

Mirrorless cameras have gained significant traction over the last decade, posing a serious challenge to the longstanding reign of DSLRs. Unlike DSLRs, which use a mirror mechanism to reflect light into an optical viewfinder, mirrorless cameras eliminate the need for a mirror altogether. This results in a more compact and lightweight design. The image sensor is exposed to light directly, providing a digital preview of the image either on the camera’s rear screen or through an electronic viewfinder. Popular examples of mirrorless cameras include the Sony Alpha series, Canon EOS R series, Nikon Z range of cameras and the Fujifilm X series.

What we can conclude from the chart is that to achieve the same angle of view, our actual focal length choices will vary by sensor size.  So are we really more concerned about a specific focal length number or the angle of view?  The answer, the majority of the time is the angle of view.

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