Ramp meters are currently programmed with predetermined red-light intervals. Hours of operation are based on historical traffic data.

The first-in-the-nation I-17 system features 90 thermal detection cameras positioned above exit ramps as well as the mainline of the freeway between the I-10 “Stack” interchange near downtown and the Loop 101 interchange in north Phoenix. When a wrong-way vehicle is detected entering an off-ramp, the system is designed to trigger a background-illuminated “wrong-way” sign to try to get the driver’s attention.

This Time of Flight (ToF) sensor module can cover a wide range and can adjust the distance based on the requirement of each situation (e.g., 2m for functional safety). To meet Industry 4.0 communication level standards, all of the information from the sensors includes an external proximity sensor that can route information directly to the cloud.

Ramp meters should be followed like any other traffic signal. If you reach the light when it turns green, you can proceed without stopping if it is safe to do so. But always be prepared to stop when ramp meters are active and remember that only one car can go per green light.

PHOENIX – Starting this week, the timing of ramp-meter signals along southbound State Route 51 (Piestewa Freeway) are being adjusted to respond to the flow of morning rush-hour traffic, expanding an Arizona Department of Transportation program that began last fall along the freeway’s northbound on-ramps.

PHOENIX – Phoenix-area drivers are used to seeing freeway entrance-ramp meters with alternating green and red traffic lights during weekday rush hours. But some of the red lights in Interstate 17 ramp meters also play a role as part of the pilot wrong-way vehicle detection system being tested by the Arizona Department of Transportation.

With reduced congestion, drivers can expect most Loop 101 ramp meters in the Scottsdale area to be used during only one peak commute period each weekday.

The ramp meter project supports one of ADOT’s key performance indicators under Governor Doug Ducey’s call for continuous improvement among state agencies: decreasing the percentage of time freeways in the Phoenix metro area are congested.

Loop 101 North ramp meters at McKellips Road, McDowell Road, Thomas Road, Indian School Road, Chaparral Road, McDonald Drive and Indian Bend Road.

They’re the two-light signals positioned at most Valley on-ramps that tell motorists when it’s okay to head onto the freeway.

If the mainline is free-flowing, then the ramp meter will put on as many cars as possible. But if the mainline traffic slows down, the sensors pick that up and the rate at which cars are given a green light slows down some to help relieve the congestion.

There are many studies available online to support the benefit of ramp meters. Basically, ramp meters help to increase freeway speeds, decrease travel times and reduce delays. Ramp meters have also been shown to increase freeway capacity and reduce crashes (specifically rear-end collisions). This explanation is given in the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Highway Administration Ramp Management and Control Handbook: “The manner in which safety is improved depends on the type of ramp management strategy selected. Ramp metering improves safety by breaking up platoons of vehicles entering the freeway, thereby allowing more orderly and safe interactions between merging vehicles and freeway mainline vehicles.”

“The new controllers actually operate totally independent of each other, which, means you can have 15 cars in one lane, no cars in the other lane and it will give 15 straight greens and just maintain red on the left side,” he said. “The older technology would give two greens and then a green to the non-existent cars. … So you can see that it really was not that efficient.”

ADOT is working closely with the city of Phoenix on the ramp meter research project and will monitor any impacts to traffic on local streets intersecting with SR 51.

As ADOT’s Intelligent Transportation System Supervisor Chuck McClatchey explains in the video above, the older ramp meters were not nearly as efficient as the new models.

The SR 51 ramp meters using the new responsive system are programmed to adjust to freeway traffic flow and the volume of traffic entering the freeway. Detectors along the entrance ramps also assess if ramp traffic is backing up, allowing the system to further adjust the red and green light timing to limit the amount of traffic waiting to enter the freeway.

As part of ADOT’s project, the red lights at the northbound State Route 51 ramp meters may hold vehicles for several more seconds, but detectors along the entrance ramps also will assess if ramp traffic is backing up. The system also is designed to adjust the red and green light timing to limit the amount of traffic waiting to enter the northbound freeway.

ADOT is working closely with the city of Phoenix on the ramp meter research project and will continue to monitor any impacts to traffic on local streets intersecting with SR 51.

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The ramp meters in the Scottsdale area weren’t in use during construction, which included rebuilding on- and off-ramps along the freeway. Crews are scheduled to activate the meters again starting Monday, Dec. 12. Prior to the widening project, the meters were used during both the morning and afternoon peak commute times.

To get an idea of how this research ends up influencing the way ADOT operates, take a look at the seven emphasis areas within the ADOT Research Center :

A) Having a continuous green light, even when there is no traffic on the ramp, could create a potential safety issue. For example, if a group of three or four motorists see a green light on the ramp meter, they will assume they do not need to stop. But, as soon as the first car reaches the detection, the meter will kick into action and a red light will show. Now the cars are traveling at speed and once one car attempts to stop for the red light, it could set up the possibility for a crash. That’s why our ramp meters “rest in red,” and not in green.

Well, there are actually sensors in the ground adjacent to the signals that can detect a car as it pulls up. The ramp meter will then give a green light and start metering back and forth between the two lanes.

Alerts also are immediately sent to ADOT’s Traffic Operations Center and the Arizona Department of Public Safety so traffic operators can quickly activate freeway message boards to warn other drivers while state troopers can respond faster than relying on 911 calls.

Via the I-17 pilot project’s decision support system, the red lights on entrance ramp meters are programmed to turn on within 3 miles of a detected wrong-way vehicle. If the vehicle continues along the freeway, additional ramp meter red lights will be activated. The red lights are programmed to return to their normal mode for that particular time of day or night, including turning off, after the system detects that the wrong-way vehicle is no longer in the area.

Traffic light

Starting the week of Oct. 3, afternoon rush-hour drivers using on-ramps along northbound State Route 51 (Piestewa Freeway) are likely to notice longer red lights at ramp meters as ADOT takes a look at how the signal adjustments affect freeway traffic.

Adaptive ramp metering was first tested with positive results in 2019 along State Route 51 in Phoenix, followed by stretches of I-10 and I-17. Approximately 75 percent of the more than 250 ramp meters along Valley freeways now operate using the upgraded system.

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“While most drivers aren’t used to seeing a solid red light displayed by a ramp meter for more than a few seconds, we want I-17 drivers in Phoenix to know there is a reason for that to happen – a wrong-way vehicle may be ahead on the freeway,” said Susan Anderson, ADOT’s systems technology group manager.

The upgrades along SR 51 provide a way to look at expanded capabilities of ramp-meter technology. Most ramp meters along Valley freeways are currently programmed with predetermined red-light intervals. Hours of operation for the meters have been based on historical traffic data.

“As we test the overall wrong-way vehicle alert system and research its performance over the next several months, it’s important to note that the ramp meter red lights are one of several countermeasures,” Anderson said. “The ramp meter lights are traffic signals, so I-17 drivers on entrance ramps should be prepared to stop if the light is a solid red, no matter what time of day.”

Rampmeteringis used for

Instead of the ramp meters being programmed with predetermined red-light intervals, the system will use data from traffic-flow sensors embedded in the freeway’s pavement to adjust the signal timing. When morning rush-hour traffic slows, the ramp meters may hold vehicles several additional seconds to help ease the congestion.

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The Arizona Department of Transportation followed up on the addition of new Loop 101 lanes by assessing improved traffic conditions between Frank Lloyd Wright Boulevard and Loop 202 (Red Mountain Freeway). The result: Most ramp meters in that area will now be used about half as often as they were before ADOT launched the $73 million project to improve 11 miles of Loop 101 south of Shea Boulevard.

The improvements mean each ramp meter can now respond to traffic conditions farther away from any one specific freeway location.

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The improvements have not required the installation of new ramp meters. ADOT has instead used enhanced computer programming to operate the timing of the meters’ alternating green and red traffic lights to provide valuable space between vehicles entering a freeway.

Thanks to a project funded through the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG), roughly 300 ramp meters have been replaced with units that use newer, smarter technology.

Ramp meters are used to enhance traffic flow by providing space between vehicles entering freeways across the Phoenix area. That space between vehicles also promotes safer merging conditions for drivers who are either entering or exiting freeways.

It will likely take a couple of days for the adjustments to be made at all of the northbound SR 51 ramp meters. The changes are expected to be in place for at least three weeks as part of this initial phase of tests.

For example, ramp meters along the busier northbound Loop 101 between McKellips and Indian Bend roads will only be in use from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m. weekdays. Conversely, most ramp meters along southbound Loop 101 between Frank Lloyd Wright Boulevard and McKellips Road will only be used during the 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. peak commute times. The hours of operation will vary slightly depending on location and anticipated traffic conditions (see the list below).

Adaptive ramp meters also have been set at times to operate outside of traditional weekday rush hours to help manage traffic flow when nearby sporting events, concerts and even weekend construction closures are taking place.

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How do you know if a ramp is currently a metered ramp

ADOT keeps up with transportation advancements through research. The ADOT Research Center oversees that research, which is aimed at improving all aspects of transportation in the state and beyond.

There’s no delicate way to put this, so we’re just going to come right out and say it – we feel that ramp meters are underappreciated.

Ramp meter

The change involves southbound SR 51 on-ramp meters from Greenway to Thomas roads. The southbound ramp meter at Shea Boulevard isn’t currently in use.

PHOENIX – One of the benefits of the recent widening of Loop 101 in the Scottsdale area is that on-ramp meters, featuring those alternating green and red traffic signals, won’t be in use as often now.

Ramp meter upgrades were completed this year along the 60 miles of Loop 101 in the Phoenix area – from near I-10 in the West Valley all the way around to Loop 202 (Santan Freeway) in Chandler.

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Heaviest rush-hour traffic conditions along northbound State Route 51 occur during weekday afternoons. ADOT’s project team has already been gathering data over the last several weeks for current ramp-meter and freeway conditions along the northbound freeway.

Ramp meters help balance the overall amount of traffic along a freeway to enhance traffic flow. From a safety standpoint, the room between vehicles entering a freeway can enhance merging conditions and reduce the risk of crashes.

Since it went operational in January, the system has detected more than 30 wrong-way vehicles entering I-17 off-ramps and frontage roads. One vehicle was detected on I-17 in north Phoenix on July 5 and the driver was stopped by AZDPS. The majority of drivers in vehicles detected by the I-17 system have turned around on exit ramps without entering the freeway.

If that’s the case, hopefully this post will clear things up and give commuters a new respect for these signals. Today, we’re sharing with you a series of frequently asked questions (and answers) all about ramp meters.

When a wrong-way vehicle is detected by the thermal camera-based technology now in place along 15 miles of I-17 in Phoenix, the system also turns on the red lights in nearby entrance ramp meters to try to hold “right-way” traffic from entering the freeway.

The information generated by ADOT’s Research Center focuses on evaluating new materials and methods. ADOT’s researchers look at developing design and analysis techniques and study the underlying causes of transportation problems.

The ramp meter project supports one of ADOT’s key performance indicators under the Arizona Management System championed by Governor Doug Ducey: reducing the percentage of time freeways in the Phoenix metro area are congested.

For example, an adaptive ramp meter is able to respond to slowing or improved traffic conditions beyond its immediate on-ramp location. Data about conditions a mile ahead along the freeway allows the meter to adjust the timing of its green and red lights. This process can be repeated along several miles of a freeway until traffic conditions improve.

These signals control the flow of traffic entering a freeway, thereby helping to ease congestion. By managing queues of vehicles, ramp meters provide for safer merging of vehicles and mitigate potential collisions.

Ramp meters have been used for years at many Phoenix-area on-ramps to enhance traffic flow as well as safety by creating gaps between vehicles entering freeways.

It is illegal to run a red light on a ramp meter, just as it is against the law to run any red light. Ramp meters are to be followed just like any other traffic signal. Drivers who fail to obey the ramp meter signal can be cited (the violation falls under Arizona State Statutes 28-645 and 28-644). Ticket fines vary from county to county, but can typically range $140-180 and include points against your driving record.

Ramp meters have been used in the Phoenix-Metro area for about the past 20 years and maybe you think not much about them has changed … but, actually they’ve recently become much more efficient!

PHOENIX – With a goal of improving the rush-hour traffic flow, the Arizona Department of Transportation will test changes in the timing of ramp-meter signals along one Phoenix-area freeway.

The system has something called a queue-loop located at the very top of the ramp, too. The queue-loop is kind of a manual override that senses when traffic is backed up on the ramp completely up to the top. If that happens, the loop is activated and the metering goes to the fastest rate until the ramp is cleared. Basically, it’s a safety factor that keeps traffic from backing up into the surface street intersections.

Ramp meter rules

The testing along State Route 51 provides a way to look at the full capabilities of current ramp-meter technology. Adjusted ramp meters will respond to freeway traffic flow as well as the volume of traffic entering the freeway.

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ADOT doesn’t have cameras at our ADOT ramp meter locations. What you may be seeing is the receiver for wireless detection.

What should I do when I pull toward the ramp meter and the light turns green before I have a chance to stop? Am I allowed to proceed without stopping?

In other words, this research leads to better methods, innovative practices and new ways of doing things, giving Arizonans a better value when it comes to transportation!

how many cars can go through a metered ramp at a time?

Back then, the agency was known as the Arizona State Highway Department and roads certainly were built a little differently. Methods, materials and technology have changed so much since then.

Ramp meters have been in use for many years across the country and at many Phoenix-area freeway on-ramps during busy rush hours to enhance traffic flow, as well as safety, by controlling the number of vehicles entering freeways at any one time.

The northbound Loop 101 ramp meters at Via De Ventura, 90th Street and Shea Boulevard will still be used during both the morning and afternoon rush hours. At this time, the southbound Loop 101 ramp meter at Shea Boulevard and northbound meter at Cactus Road won’t be used at all. The southbound ramp meter at Raintree Drive will be limited to use during the morning rush hour.

There’s much more to learn about this team. Visit the Research Center’s webpage for additional information and stay tuned. In the future we’ll blog about the ADOT Research Center ’s library and product evaluation program.

As with the northbound State Route 51 ramp meters during the afternoon rush hour, the southbound meters may even turn off earlier in the morning based on how well freeway traffic is flowing.

PHOENIX – The Arizona Department of Transportation continues to upgrade the Phoenix area’s network of adaptive freeway ramp meters used to improve the flow of traffic, especially during busy rush hours.

As part of the testing, some northbound State Route 51 ramp meters may turn off at an earlier time during the afternoon rush hour based on how well freeway traffic is flowing.

ADOT also will study another system of ramp-meter programming along southbound SR 51 in the near future, although the dates for that research haven’t been set. That additional programming system is designed to allow individual ramp meters to respond to traffic conditions even several miles away and adjust signal timing to help improve traffic flow along a longer stretch of freeway.