Learn about microscopy applications and Nuhsbaum’s history of exceptional microscope sales, service, and support of top microscope brands.

USB-powered light sources from Ossila are a simple yet versatile choice for fluorescence spectroscopic measurements, with wavelengths from UV to IR.

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We are delighted to announce the release of the Proceedings of the 30th Quadrennial Session of the CIE: Innovative Lighting Technologies, held in Ljubljana, Slovenia from September 15-23, 2023!

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powerful UV source. Page 10. A 2005 paper, Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure from UV-. Transilluminators. examined transilluminator use and measured. UV levels ...

In the beginning, there was light! Well light from the sun that is… Afocal illumination is when the light source is structureless and does not produce an image of itself. Before the invention of electric bulbs, early researchers would simply use daylight to act as a non-focused illumination method. Early artificial light sources often had low power and warm color hues, which led to tinted images. Natural and artificial light sources didn’t produce much difference in the overall quality of the images. Scientists later discovered that the most important requirement for image quality is that the numerical aperture of the illumination be at least equal to that of the objective. The best way to do this was through source-focused illumination, otherwise known as Nelsonian illumination.

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We’ve blogged about light sources before, but there’s another side to the story of perfecting your microscope imaging. Microscope illumination methods are equally as important as illumination sources. Illumination methods have come a long was from their earliest forms. Here’s a review of illumination methods from afocal illumination to the industry-standard Köhler illumination.

1966 Werk - Light Prisms - MNK_07901_50-2017_biasi_light-prisms_001.jpg © VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn ; photo © ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe

Characteristics of Infrared Radiation · Infrared radiation consists of heat-inducing property. · The origin is from an alteration in electron movement.

Köhler Illumination shows we really can have it all in life! Save for a few exceptions, Köhler illumination is the industry-standard illumination method. In Köhler illumination, an image of the light source is focused at the condenser aperture diaphragm to produce parallel (and unfocused) light through the plane of the specimen or object. Köhler illumination has largely replaced critical illumination in modern scientific light microscopy although it requires additional optics which may not be present in less expensive and simpler light microscopes. Köhler illumination acts to generate an even illumination of the sample and ensures that an image of the illumination source (for example a halogen lamp filament) is not visible in the resulting image.

Afocal illumination was a good start, but scientists needed something more robust. The advantage of afocal illumination was that the light source wasn’t visible in the image of the specimen, but as described above, the illumination was often low intensity and hued. Nelsonian illumination corrected for both of these issues. Nelsonian illumination focuses an image of a light source on to the specimen for bright illumination. The downside, however, was that often times the image had uneven illumination. One major drawback of this method is that the light source is visible in the final image. Scientists needed a combination of all the benefits of afocal and Nelsonian illumination without the drawbacks. That’s where Köhler Illumination shines!

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Compared to the TIR image, you will notice more light power at angles above the target angle. How to measure LED source size.

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Smart Microscopy for easy Digital Documentation. Press a single button for crisp images in true color, already with the correct scaling information.

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Since its inception in 1913, the CIE has become a professional organization and has been accepted as representing the best authority on the subject and as such is recognized by ISO as an international standardization body.

With strong technical, scientific and cultural foundations, the CIE is an independent, non-profit organization that serves member countries on a voluntary basis.