Nonimaging optics

by DA Jennings · 1987 · Cited by 32 — This value of c, the most accurate ever measured for visible light, agrees with the value defined in the redefinition of the meter within the 3σ error limits.

There are many different types of lighting methods that can be used for machine vision inspection applications. Bright Field lighting, Dark Field lighting, ...

Polarization is a fundamental property of light. It determines the oscillating directions of light during propagation.

Koehler illumination offers a range of advantages over “critical illumination”. Illumination is more uniform, specimen heating is reduced as well as light reflections for photographic work. Some microscopes are equipped with a field diaphragm in the light source. This Koehler illumination, while not absolutely required for simple microscopic work conducted in schools, does offer several advantages:

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– Does the Koehler lighting system replace my present built in adjustable lighting system on my microscope.? – If so, how does the Koehler system mount or attach to the microscope? – Are any other light adjustments necessary between the Koehler system and the slide, ie; the condenser aperture diaphram, etc. – Does it work well with the Abes dark field, oblique illumination and the Phase Contrast equipment?

This is a type of beam that you want to have for your personal safety. It can be used for self defense, can scare away animals, or you can use it when you want to find trails in the dark.

You need to ask yourself what do you need your headlamp for. If you’re buying it without a specified purpose, than think of the type of activities you do most often. Do you need to illuminate a wide area surrounding you and the area in front of you, or do your need a thrower, that lets you see 300m ahead of you, in a more narrow spot?

Opening and closing the field diaphragm, should not affect the brightness of the image. The system merely restricts the light to the place on the specimen which is actually viewed. Except centering and lowering/raising the condenser, you should not need any extra adjustments. Once set up, Köhler illumination does not need any additional adjustments except opening/closing the field diaphragm.

The second most common type of light is the red light. This is a fantastic feature to have on your headlamp if you’re into activities such as: fishing, night photography, reading, or wildlife observation. It comes in very handy if you need to get out of your tent in the middle of the night, and move around the campsite, brushing your teeth, finding food or water, or doing whatever you need to do without waking your friends up.

Additionally it is necessary to raise and lower the condenser and you need two centering screws for the condenser. In some microscopes the condenser is already centered, so this is not a big requirement.

Green is a type of color that’s less common but still liked by many outdoor enthusiasts. It’s even more easier on the eyes than red and white. Is mostly used by hunters, to see better and not intrude with a high level of brightness.

The strobe mode has a bit more popularity in the tactical field, but sure, headlamps can have it too. A strobe mode is a blinking light, that’s a legitimate survival feature to have, and can save you in emergency situations, if you’re lost, or hurt and can’t continue on your own. People can see it from far away.

The Koehler field diaphragm is designed to restrict the light beam only on this part of the specimen which is actually observed. Especially at high magnifications only a very small part of the specimen needs to be illuminated.

Criticalillumination

UV in light in general is a highly effective means of killing surface microbes. UV sanitizers work by containing a lamp that emitlots of UV light.

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Hi, The existing lamp stays, but you need a field diaphragm and some lenses mounted above the lamp. The question is, if your microscope allows for this, and if these extras exist for your microscope brand. Some microscopes already have these built in. I would contact your dealer to see if this is possible.

It does work with dark field and oblique, but only if the Köhler field diaphragm is fully open. Otherwise it will darken the complete image. So the use of Köhler is restricted in these cases. This is because the light comes more from the side and closing the field diaphragm blocks this very light which is needed for these methods. Phase contrast should not be affected.

Besides this, red light is a must have for many of us, because of its beautiful red glow that’s just so comfortable and interesting to have. As you might know, red lights also keep the battery time longer, so it’s a useful color for emergencies as well.