Diffused lightinginterior design

Coloured acrylic can be used to displace a whole range of colourful effects, and digitally printed vinyl films can be applied to create a variety of gradients or patterned designs.

Diffused lightingfixtures

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In 1940, Edmund Godfrey Burr, a Canadian professor at McGill University,[3] serendipitously stumbled on the principle of counter-illumination, or as he called it "diffused-lighting camouflage".[4][5][6] Burr had been tasked by Canada's National Research Council (NRC) to evaluate night observation instruments. With these, he found that aircraft flying without navigation lights remained readily visible as silhouettes against the night sky, which was never completely black.[1]

Because submarines at the surface could see the dark shape of an attacking aircraft against the night sky, the principle of diffused lighting camouflage also applied to aircraft. However, British researchers found that the amount of electrical power required to camouflage an aircraft's underside in daylight was prohibitive, while externally mounted light projectors disturbed the aircraft's aerodynamics.[1]

Diffused lightingliving room

The US Navy trialled an automatic system made by General Electric[a] of New York on the supply ship USS Hamul, but halted research in 1942. The US Navy sent its control system and diffused lighting fittings to Canada's NRC, which installed it on the corvettes HMCS Edmundston and HMCS Rimouski in 1943 and carried out further prototyping.[1][16]

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The third version featured a photocell to measure the brightness of the night sky and the ship's side; the projectors' brightness was automatically controlled to balance out the difference. It was tested in September 1941 on the corvette HMCS Kamloops.[1]

The illuminated shop letters are initially fabricated by hand in metal and acrylic to create a 3D version of your logo or an outlines profile of the font used for your branding. The illuminated 3D signs and letters are hollow so we can install an LED lighting system within which illuminates the letters from behind, which in turn projects the light onto the wall behind the letters.

Diffused lightingphotography

Burr wondered if he could camouflage planes by somehow reducing this difference in brightness. One night in December 1940, Burr saw a plane coming in to land over snow suddenly vanish: light reflected from the snow had illuminated the underside of the plane just enough to cancel out the difference in brightness, camouflaging the plane perfectly.[1]

A range of different coloured LED modules can be used to illuminate the letters, however for most illuminated signs we produce, neutral white LED modules are the commonly used. If you're not sure on which colour you'd like the logo to be illuminated in then we may be able to install a colour-changeable LED lighting system which allow you to use a handheld controller to change the colour of the lighting.

Diffusedlight Ceiling

Diffused lighting camouflage was a form of active camouflage using counter-illumination to enable a ship to match its background, the night sky, that was tested by the Royal Canadian Navy on corvettes during World War II. The principle was discovered by a Canadian professor, Edmund Godfrey Burr, in 1940. It attracted interest because it could help to hide ships from submarines in the Battle of the Atlantic, and the research project began early in 1941. The Royal Navy and the US Navy carried out further equipment development and trials between 1941 and 1943.

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Parallel trials of the Canadian diffused lighting equipment were carried out in March 1941 by the Royal Navy on the corvette HMS Trillium in the Clyde approaches.[1] The Admiralty report on the Trillium trials stated that "Under certain weather conditions, the Canadian trials, in spite of the crude equipment used, gave highly satisfactory results. The experience gained during the present trials indicated that in various other types of weather this same equipment gave a much less conclusive indication of its value", and described the technical difficulties that any future version would face.[8] The Admiralty informed the prime minister, Winston Churchill, at the end of that month, stating that the "results seem quite promising".[9] Churchill replied the next day, suggesting that "Surely all this business should be pressed forward on a broader front than the one ship?"[10] Accordingly, in April 1941 the Admiralty ordered further development work for "full scale trials".[11]

Diffused lighting camouflage was explored by the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) and tested at sea on corvettes during World War II, and later in the armed forces of the UK and the US.[1]

All our Shop Signs are bespoke and manufactured in your choice of font, size and colour. We also supply back-illuminated logos, face-illuminated logos, illuminated shop sign letters, halo-illuminated signs and a whole range of LED signs for your office. Our complete range of signage letters can be found here.

The best case was on the exceptionally clear moonless night of 29/30 January 1942, when Largs could be seen from a surface ship with the naked eye at 5,250 yards (4,800 m) unlighted, but only 2,250 yards (2,060 m) with her diffused lighting, a 57% reduction.[13] By June 1942, Royal Navy commanders considered that camouflage was largely unnecessary, given that the enemy would be using RDF and submarine hydrophones.[14] In April 1943, the Admiralty decided that diffused lighting was impractical, and development was halted,[15] though discussions continued with the Canadian Navy.[1]

We’re a dedicated Shop Sign Company and specialist UK Sign Makers within the corporate signage industry. We specialise in the design and manufacture of all sorts of company business signs ranging from shop signboards to 3D shop sign letters, illuminated signs, restaurant signs, acrylic lightbox signs, corporate signage, vinyl wall graphics, neon signs, school signs, church signs, office signs, nhs doctor & dentist signs, hospital signs, reception wall signs, glass signs, 3D logo signs, external building signage, artificial living wall signs, metal signs, traditional pub signs and hanging swing signboards. Our full range of signage services can be found here.

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The concept behind diffused lighting camouflage was to project light on to the sides of a ship, to make its brightness match its background. Projectors were mounted on temporary supports attached to the hull and the prototype was developed to include automatic control of brightness using a photocell. The concept was never put into production, though the Canadian prototypes did briefly see service. The Canadian ideas were adapted by the US Air Force in its Yehudi lights project.

The letters can also be produced so that they illuminate and glow from behind as well. If this style is required then we can fit each letters with a translucent back which allows the LED lights to project out of the front and back of the letters or logo. All our illuminated signs are supplied with a transformer power supply which will need to be connect to your mains supply.

An equivalent strategy, known to zoologists as counter-illumination, is used by many marine organisms, notably cephalopods including the midwater squid, Abralia veranyi. The underside is covered with small photophores, organs that produce light. The squid varies the intensity of the light according to the brightness of the sea surface far above, providing effective camouflage by lighting out the animal's shadow.[2]

In September 1943, Rimouski, using her diffused lighting system, but also some navigation lights, approached German submarine U-536 in the Baie des Chaleurs. The intention was to make Rimouski appear as "a small and inoffensive ship" in an operation to trap the submarine, and this appears to have worked as the U-boat did not detect her. However the attack failed, as a wrong signal sent from shore alerted the submarine's commander, Kapitänleutnant Rolf Schauenburg; U-536 dived and escaped.[1]

High intensity LED's make these mini light bars an ideal solution for many utility applications and service vehicles uses.

Burr was quickly called to Canada's Naval Services Headquarters to discuss how to apply diffused lighting camouflage. Simple tests in the laboratory served as proof of concept. In January 1941, sea trials began on the new corvette HMCS Cobalt. She was fitted with ordinary light projectors—neither designed for robustness, nor waterproofed—on temporary supports on one side of the hull; brightness was controlled manually. The trial was sufficiently promising for a better prototype to be developed.[1][7]

What isdiffusedlight for plants

Light from the side, falling at a shallow angle, and revealing the surface structure of an object through contrasts of light and shade. Oblique light is ...

Illuminated 3D signs are a great way of maximising the visibility of your shop letters or company branding. This method of lighting produces a clean cut, visible representation of the font or logo which is easier to read from both afar and up close.

Diffusedlight photography examples

At Surrey Shop Signs, we pride ourselves with pushing the boundaries in order to meet our clients' expectations and requirements. The production costs to produce an illuminated 3D logo will depend on the size and complexity of the logo sign needed so it's very difficult to list prices online, however if you'd like us to provide you with a quotation then please feel free to get in touch today where we'll be more than happy to help!

An American version, "Yehudi", using lamps mounted in the aircraft's nose and the leading edges of the wings, was trialled in B-24 Liberators, Avenger torpedo bombers and a Navy glide bomb from 1943 to 1945. By directing the light forwards towards an observer (rather than towards the aircraft's skin), the system provided effective counter-illumination camouflage with an affordable use of energy, more like that of marine animals than the Canadian diffused lighting approach.[1][17] But the system never entered active service, as radar became the principal means of detecting aircraft.[1]

Burr informed the NRC, who told the RCN. They realized that the technique could help to hide ships from German submarines in the Battle of the Atlantic. Before the introduction of centimetre radar, submarines with their small profile could see convoy ships before they were themselves seen. Diffused lighting camouflage might, the RCN believed, redress the balance.[1]

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One of our areas of expertise is the supply and installation of shop sign letters. All our 3D Shop Sign Letters are bespoke and manufactured in your choice of font type, size and colour. Our portfolio of sign letters range from flat cut brushed silver sign letters to 3D chrome silver sign letters. We also supply a range of acrylic shop sign letters, polished gold sign letters, bronze shop signs letters, painted metal letters, painted acrylic letters, rose gold shop sign letters, rusty metal letters and also fairground bulb marquee letters. Our full range of shop sign letters can be found here.

The second version, with blue-green filters over the projectors, was trialled on board the corvette HMCS Chambly in May 1941. This gave better results as the filters removed the reddish bias to the lamps when at low intensity (lower colour temperature). The supports too were retractable, so the delicate projectors could be stowed away for protection when not in use. This second version reduced Chambly's visibility by 50% in most conditions, and sometimes by as much as 75%. This was enough to justify development of a more robust version.[1]

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In poorly-lit areas this method of illumination will mean that the face of the letters will be illuminated in the colours displayed on the front of each letter. The internal LED lighting installed inside the sign letters can also be used to illuminate the back of the letters as well, which increases your sign's visibility.

The British General Electric Company developed a manually operated diffused lighting system, which was trialled on the ocean boarding vessel HMS Largs and the light cruiser HMS Penelope.[1] The Largs surface observation trials were conducted between 25 January and 6 February 1942; air observation trials, using Hudson bombers, took place on the nights of 4/5 February and 25/26 March 1942. They found an average reduction in the range at which the ship could be seen at night from another ship of around 25% using binoculars, 33% using the naked eye. The results from the air were less conclusive.[12]

Both Edmundston and Rimouski were fitted with about 60 light projectors: those on the hull were on retractable supports; those on the superstructure were on fixed supports. Each ship's diffused lighting system was tested systematically in St Margaret's Bay, and then trialled when actually escorting Atlantic convoys in 1943. Experimentally, the diffused lighting reduced the ships' visibility by up to 70%, but at sea the electrical equipment proved too delicate, and frequently malfunctioned. Worse, the system was slow to respond to changes in background lighting, and the Canadian Navy considered the lighting too green.[1]

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Diffused lightingexamples

Signs, inscriptions, acrylic light stands, LED edge-lit glass U-channel fixtures, and custom logo illumination can easily be done for your business.

Face-lit 3D metal letters are designed to be raised off the wall to create a three dimensional effect, as well as illuminate from the front. The metal letters are fabricated to achieve the required depth of the logo needed, and then a flat opal acrylic face is fixed within the face of the letter which when installed with LED lights, will illuminate from within and project light outwards. The steel sides of the letters are often painted in a colour of your choice or produced in a polished or brushed stainless steel which creates a nice unique finish.

Following the Allied victory in the Battle of the Atlantic – through long-range aircraft, radar, code decryption, and better escort tactics – the need to camouflage ships from submarines greatly decreased, and diffused lighting research became a low priority. The work was halted when the war ended.[1]

Shop front planning permission may be required prior to the installation of your sign. We strongly recommend you contact your local authority prior to ordering an external shop sign to ensure the correct guidelines are met and various permissions are granted. More information can be found on the online Planning Portal.