Thanks for the suggestion Kay. I like the idea, but there are many phone apps out there that offer this already, and they do a better job than I could ever do. I would suggest buying the app called “PhotoPills”, it has angle of view and depth of field calculators in it and it’s a great app for many things related to photography.

Instead, one often specifies the aperture size with the so-called f-number, which is the focal length divided by the diameter of the entrance pupil. Usually, ...

Fiber optics aren’t without their downsides, however. Installation tends to be very complex and labor-intensive compared to other backlighting solutions, such as LED. Combine this with the high cost of the optical fibers themselves, and fiber optic backlighting tends to be quite expensive. Optical fibers can additionally be sensitive to bending or stress, which can lead to breakage or reduced light transmission. Other factors such as light loss, color changing, and the ongoing maintenance needed further limit the number and type of applications in which fiber optic backlighting is appropriate.

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EL can be appropriate in specific applications where temporary or intermittent lighting is required, and/or if a specific (often vintage) aesthetic is desired.

Field of View. How many feet both horizontally and vertically in FOV using a 2000mm lens at 800 yards? I am trying to decide if I want to spend the money on a Nikon that comes with that lens.

If you read lens specifications (yes, I’m that kind of guy) on manufacturer’s websites, they’ll often quote the field of view (F.O.V) of a lens as well as the focal length. When they do this in photographic terms, they’re talking about horizontal field of view in degrees, and whilst any lens will also have both a vertical and a diagonal field of view, they are rarely talked about in relation to photographic lenses.

Note: If your calculator is working in radians, you need the (180/π) part at the end. if your calculator is working in degrees, you do not need that bit! If you aren’t sure… it will become pretty obvious when you run the equation as results will be wildly wrong.

Jul 9, 2021 — Simply put, depth is the distance from the camera. Depth of field is the portion of that distance or 'depth' that is 'in-focus'. A higher depth ...

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LED is the leading choice for switch backlighting in most applications because of its long lifespan, ability to maintain its brightness with minimal deterioration, small size, broad color options, and low heat production. As LED technology continues to advance, customers will benefit from even more improvements in performance, color quality, and cost.

Since the equation for field of view contains the sensor width, which determines the crop factor of a sensor, this is another way to see the effect that the crop factor of a camera has on an image. The smaller the sensor, the larger the crop factor, and the smaller the field of view for a given focal length. Below I have included data for full frame field of view, as well as the three most common digital crop factors. If you want to learn more about crop factor, you can read my tutorial: How To Calculate a Camera’s Crop Factor.

I’ll be honest Michael, I don’t have time to do the math for you. The idea was to create a resource for people to calculate this themselves. All the equations you need are right here on the page. Just plug your numbers in 🙂

The equation with distortion is quite a bit more complicated, so even apps like PhotoPills haven't modelled it. It has 4 variable coefficients and an additional SIN function. Here is a calculator which extends to lenses with distortion: https://commonlands.com/pages/fov-calculator

Note that this equation HSize/2=f*Tan(FoV/2) is inaccurate if your DSLR lens has >1% distortion. So, it shouldn’t be used for lenses like the Canon 11mm-22mm and most <15mm EFL 35mm-format type lenses. The G6 14mm has ~5% distortion.

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While not always a design requirement, many switches feature a backlight. This component works to illuminate the front of the switch so that it’s easier for users to see. But, while most people are familiar with the general concept of backlighting, few know the specifics of how it works.

Applications of Optical Instruments: There are many devices like telescopes and microscopes, which use multiple lenses to create images. Analyzing any system ...

Fiber optic backlighting can be valuable in applications where point-to-point light transmission (particularly over long distances), minimal heat emission, and electrical isolation are necessary.

As well as calculating the angle of view, we can also use the same trigonometry to calculate the field of view as a linear measurement, as long as you know the distance to your subject, or, if you know the size of your subject and the focal length you are going to use, it could tell you how far away from it you need to be to get it to fill the frame. The units of measurement will be constant in the equation, so if you use metres as your distance to subject, the linear field of view will also be in metres.

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I would check that your camera is in full output. If you use are using a smaller output resolution, your FoV will be cropped. The frame size input will be smaller.

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I need to shoot down on a square card table, 35 inches on each side (including margins) at a distance of about 1 meter. I am using a Panasonic G6 with the 14-42mm kit lens set at 14mm. Online calculators using the formula FOV (rectilinear) = 2 * arctan (frame size/(focal length * 2) indicate that the 14mm focal length should cover 35.14 inches in the vertical dimension at a distance of 41 inches. When I actually tried it, I had to be at least 11 feet back from the table. What gives?

your FOV table is wrong. i think you took 36mm width instead of the diagonal. =2*ARCTAN(SQRT(24^2+36^2)/(2*”focallength”))*(180/PI())

Generally, a rectangular or square-shaped source of illumination is created using two or more layers of woven fiber optic cable. On one end, the fibers are grouped together to form a circular ferrule. It’s then connected to at least one lighting source (generally LEDs). The light is reflected within the fiber optic cables, creating an efficient and high-speed transmission of light throughout the switch.

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There are several different backlighting solutions for switch manufacturing. Below we’ll explore the various types of backlighting options and factors that make each type more suitable for various applications.

Although effective and easy to implement, LEDs have a tendency to create bright spots, restricting their utility as a full-panel backlight for membrane switches. Nelson Miller Group has industry-leading expertise in the development of Light Guide Films (LGF) to support the even distribution of LED backlighting.

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As far as I can tell, it is correct. I just plugged some values into other online FOV calculators and the FOV calculator in the most popular photography iPhone app and all got the same answers that are in my table. 36mm is the width of a full frame sensor.

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Dan, I’m a newbie to landscapes, and I’m not a professional. So, here’s a little feedback. Please understand that I don’t necessarily have the right language to ask the right questions. What I was really looking for is a way to know what general lens size to use to get a “how large a field of view. The math is helpful, but really not intuitive, especially if your last experience with higher math was 30+ years ago. What was a very useful visual for demonstrating angle of view is the first illustration you had, namely, the “topdown” view of the camera with cones coming forward in different colors. A visual chart or series of charts showing an object at say 200 yards, with the focal point in the center, and a second overlay on top of that showing how much distance to the front & back of the focal point remains in focus relative to the aperture would be ideal. I realize you are probably laughing out loud at this, & don’t have anywhere near enough time for a project of that size, & probably even less inclination to actually do it, but it would be enormously helpful, and a lot more visually intuitive. Thanks so much.

Because it is generally powered by LEDs, fiber optic backlighting features a long lifespan up to 100,000 hours. Fiber optic protects against bright and dark spots by evenly distributing light across the device, and it reduces the number of LEDs needed (therefore improving energy efficiency). Because optical fibers are resistant to moisture and extreme temperatures, it’s a functional backlighting option for switches in high-humid or otherwise extreme environments.

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The color of an EL backlight will ultimately depend on the color of the phosphor it uses, since different compounds create different colors. As a result, manufacturers can create switches with a specific color of backlighting by using the right type of phosphor compounds in the EL bulbs.

As outlined above, you’ll find many of the same benefits when considering EL and LED backlighting. They are both cost- and energy-efficient, available in low-profile designs, and support multiple colors. In addition, LEDs coupled with effective light guides boast similar uniformity to EL.

Backlighting for membrane and touch switches works in a similar way as backlighting used in other devices, including liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). Within the switch is a backlighting component that’s designed specifically for the purpose of illuminating the front of the switch. The switch backlighting component activates when the device is turned on, illuminating the upper layer of the switch.

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As the name suggests, LED backlighting involves the use of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs. Unlike traditional bulbs, such as incandescent, LEDs don’t have a filament; instead, they use a semiconductor to create light. When electricity flows through the semiconductor, it releases a narrow and concentrated stream of light particles, resulting in a bright light.

Like LED backlighting, EL is available in small sizes and multiple colors, and is very energy- and cost-efficient. Unlike LED, though, it provides uniform lighting without dark or bright spots.

LED has become a preferred backlighting technology in recent years because of its energy-efficient properties. In today’s world of portable devices, this is especially beneficial because it enables less frequent recharging or replacement of the battery. Some additional benefits of LED backlighting are its:

2023117 — I need an extremely bright light that plugs into a normal AC/DC outlet and does not have a battery. All googling is only pointing me towards either very ...

It must be noted here that Canon has actually used difference sensor sizes for their APS-C cameras over the years. Since the sensor dimension does affect the field of view, this should be taken into account in order to be 100% accurate. For the data table below I have chosen to use the sensor width of 22.5mm because this is the one that Canon seem to have stuck with for their own calculations, and it is also the dimension that gives exactly a 1.6x crop factor. Whilst they do have 22.3mm and 22.4mm sensor widths on the market as well, this minuscule difference would not actually make any noticeable difference to your images, but if you ran your own calculations for your own camera and found they did not match my numbers, this will be the cause of the difference. It was the source of some head scratching for me when I was figuring all this out myself!

Unlike LED and UL backlighting, fiber optic backlighting doesn’t generate its own light; rather it consists of many small strands of optical fiber, generally made of glass but sometimes of plastic, that distribute light throughout a switch to illuminate it. Optical fiber backlighting is most often used in conjunction with LEDs.

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Thanx for the math. Can the view angle and/ or field of view for fish-eye lenses both rectilinear and circular image types also be calculated? It is my understanding the formulas are more complicated. I am interested because I have two fisheye Zuiko lenses from OM-2 & 4 cameras which I would like to use with adapter on Panasonic G 85 or Canon M 50. Can you help? TIA

The biggest downside to EL backlighting is its comparatively short lifespan compared to LEDs. The average EL panel lasts approximately 8,000-10,000 hours, vs. 50,000+ hours for LEDs. What’s more, EL panels often experience a decrease in brightness and uniformity over time as they age. As its phosphor compounds begin to decay, EL backlighting may fail to generate a sufficient amount of light.

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As I continue to build out the photographic knowledge base on the site with articles like Understanding Neutral Density Filter Names and Numbers, and Understanding Aperture, I thought I’d write a quick post about how to calculate field of view for a photographic lens. Lenses are usually described by their focal length, expressed in mm, but how does this translate to field of view?

If you want to use the field of view equation on this page to calculate the field of view for a sensor size other than the four that have been provided, you’ll need to refer to use this list of common sensor sizes and their crop factor.

Electroluminescent (EL) backlighting uses phosphor compounds to generate light using electroluminescence—the illumination of the phosphor compounds when exposed to electricity. With an EL backlight panel, a layer of phosphor is printed between two conductive layers. When the device is turned on, electricity will flow through the two conductive layers as well as the phosphor layer in the middle. The phosphor compounds illuminate when exposed to the electrical current, illuminating the switch above.

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The larger the field of view, the wider the lens is and the more of a scene you are going to see with your camera. Telephoto and super telephoto lenses have very small fields of view, just a few degrees, so they aren’t able to see very much of the scene in front of them, although the compensating virtue is that what they do see, is much larger in the frame. A wide angle lens for landscape photography has a very small focal length, and therefore a large field of view that lets you record broad landscapes in a single shot.

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When backlighting a switch, LED bulbs are embedded or mounted inside, generally (but not always) on the surface of the circuit layer. When the LEDs are illuminated, light flows through the top layer of the switch.

Microscopes. □ Working Distance (W.D.). The distance between the front end of a microscope objective and the surface of the workpiece at which the sharpest ...

When you partner with NMG, you benefit from our team’s many decades of backlighting experience, dating back to the 1930s. We can help identify and design the right backlighting solution for your project, as well as support with your device’s manufacturing and supply chain management. Contact us today to get started!