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Traditional stun guns work with pain compliance only and therefore do not affect an attacker with high pain tolerance like a drug user. But the TASER® causes pain and incapacitates an attacker. However, NMI depends on whether probe spread is sufficient, if it’s within close enough proximity to close a circuit, and if the circuit is maintained.

A typical TASER® will fire two electrodes, one from each side. The TASER® XREP projectile is designed to be shot remotely with a TASER® XREP Launcher, and it explodes on contact, firing up to ten small darts into the target.

Everyone should know how to defend themselves as it’s a critical survival skill.  Of all the self-defense tools available on the market, TASERs® and stun guns are some of the most popular and effective weapons. But many people don’t know the difference between TASERs® and stun guns or how they work. So here is everything you need to know about what stun guns are and how they work.

It is important thing to remember, is that when a warning light pops up on your dash; it occurs for a reason. These indicators lights don’t light up unless something is wrong with your vehicle. It is important to pay attention to the signs your car gives you, so that you can have problems fixed before they grow bigger, and cost you more money!

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If the current is generated by a pulse frequency, then it imitates the body’s electrical signals. If this is the case, then the current may tell the assailant’s muscles to work a lot in a short timeframe. However, it doesn’t direct that work to any specific movement. These signals will leave your attacker too weak to move because it depletes their energy reserves.

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The charge confuses the person’s nervous system and causes a few other things to occur. First, the charge combines with the electric signals coming from your assailants’ brain and mixes it with noise, so it’s more difficult for their body’s muscles to move. This charge temporarily partially paralyzes them.

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The reason why TASERs® are so popular is they impact the sensory nerves and motor nerves, causing neuromuscular incapacitation (NMI). These are through the electrical pulses mentioned above. The TASER® causes involuntary stimulation of both the motor and sensory nerves that interferes with the assailant’s ability to use the affected muscles.

Often, it is unclear why the Check-Engine light came on in the first place. You might be driving, and notice absolutely nothing wrong, yet the CEL (Check Engine Light) is on.

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The other factor to remember, is that the red warning indicator might be telling you that important safety features of your car have been disabled, putting you and others at risk.

We will walk you through some of the common lights, why they illuminate, and what you should do when it happens. It is important to note, that many car manufacturers classify their warning lights by color. Amber typically means you should note the issue, and do something about it as soon as possible. Red usually indicates that a system has failed, or is completely inoperative.

A common myth is that you can buy a ‘code reader’ and somehow know what is wrong with the car, based on the code that turned on this Service Engine light. However, these ‘onboard diagnostics’ are not capable of pinpointing the problem; they can point at where the problem is happening, though.

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Modern vehicles can be very confusing as to what you’re supposed to do when one of these lights comes on your dash, also.

A great example of when a warning light shows a disabled system, would be a red ‘BRAKE’ light and a red ‘ABS’ light. This means there is a problem with the physical brakes on the vehicle, and it is severe enough that the Anti-lock Braking System has shut down to prevent damage to electronic or hydraulic components. If you keep operating the vehicle in this scenario – you’re likely to hurt other parts of the system, and make your repair bill go up!

For instance, if you want to drink a glass of water, your brain will send an electrical signal to a nerve cell toward the muscles in your arm. The signal tells the cell to release a neurotransmitter, known as a communication chemical, to the muscle cells. This neurotransmitter tells the muscles to expand or contract in the ways necessary for your arm to move to bring the glass of water to your mouth.

People tend to view electricity as harmful because being struck by lightning or sticking your finger in an electrical outlet can kill you. But smaller amounts of electricity won’t hurt you, and it actually plays a critical role in the body. All your nerves fire with electrical signals.

Since then, the original TASER® was invented; its modern counterparts have become the most popular self-defense weapons anywhere because they are affordable, effective, and non-lethal.

Both cattle prods and stun guns deliver electrical current through two electrodes, but cattle prods were designed to keep an animal moving and shock only where they come in contact.

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In this case, the red indicator is trying to tell you that continued operation of the vehicle significantly lowers your safety in the event of a crash.

This projectile was designed for law enforcement who need help with large groups of people. TASER® XREP's are designed to cause pain in addition to their electrical current, and they're more of a shotgun than regular TASERs®. It explodes on contact and shoots out up to 10 barbs so you can hit more people in crowd control situations.

For instance, if the red Airbag/SRS (Supplemental Restraint System) light comes on your dashboard – this means that the safety systems that protect you in a crash, aren’t functioning. If you have an accident with this light on, your airbags likely won’t deploy, and your safety restraints probably won’t work like they should to keep you from moving around in an impact situation.

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It may surprise you, but stun guns have been around in some capacity since the 1700s. Pieter van Musschenbroek, a Dutch Physicist, and German inventor Ewald Georg von Kleist created the Leyden jar independently from each other. Kleist invented it in 1745, and Musschenbroek created his version in 1746.

Voltage is a measure of how much potential energy something has. It doesn't matter what kind of voltage we're talking about: AC or DC; it all measures in volts. For instance, the TASER® fires at 50 thousandths (0.05) of an amp, but the TASER® XREP uses about 13 milliamps (0.013 amps).

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We may never have had stun guns in the future without the early electrical studies the Leyden jar allowed. Fast forward hundreds of years later to the cattle prod, the first product that used electricity as a non-lethal means of using electric shock to control animals. Many ranchers still use cattle prods today to move livestock.

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The first actual version of the stun gun was the stun glove, where electricity ran into a glove through a tube. It was invented sometime in the 1930s but didn’t become widely used. The TASER® was invented in the 1960s when stun guns became a popular self-defense weapon. U.S. Marshals used the early TASERs® to subdue out-of-control prisoners on airplane flights.

Stun batons allow an extended reach compared to stun guns. They are durable and lightweight, making them easy to hold and use, and they make great defense weapons against animals and people. Stun batons allow you to put some extra distance between you and your assailant and that extra space gives you an advantage.

came on, what you were doing, how the car felt, etc. They will gather some data from you, and help you determine if you can wait to have your vehicle brought in

Another very common dash light that can come on, is the ‘Check Engine’ warning light. This light can also be one of the most confusing.

A TASER® is designed to disrupt the electrical system of the human body. Stun guns deliver painful jolts that cause temporary loss of balance and muscle control without affecting heart rate or respiration. A TASER® also works from a distance up to 15 feet away, while stun guns can only work in close quarters.

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Many early electrical experiments were conducted using the Leyden jar, which was fundamentally important to the study of electrostatics. This invention was the first way to collect and preserve electrical charges in large quantities that scientists could discharge at their will. The Leyden jar overcame the previous limitations to early research and study of electrical conduction.

Although one does not need a license to carry a stun gun like a firearm, some states have certain laws and regulations that prohibit them. Check your local laws before considering your purchase.

If you have a red-colored light come on the dash -that is an indication that a serious fault is present that needs immediate repair.

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Another puzzling thing that can happen, is having your Check engine light flash. Often this occurs when a problem is at serious risk of creating engine or catalytic converter damage.

These are the reasons why the Check Engine light can be tricky. When you have a Check Engine, or Service Engine light come on – whether it’s red, yellow, flashing, coming, or going… you should contact your repair center of choice, and ask what to do.

We have the best TASER® for sale, and they can truly protect your loved ones in the event of an intruder. But self-defense stun guns can be a good alternative to TASERs®, too. They come in multiple shapes and sizes, such as keychain stun guns. These work solely on an electrical current that disrupts your body's system and causes you to lose control of muscles in the area where it is applied. It works the neuromuscular system mentioned previously.

You might think it’s drastic to say ‘immediate repair,’ but often, a red warning light means that the system has shut itself down to try and protect itself from further damage.

Your state may have laws or regulations governing the use of stun guns, so it is important to check your particular area before purchasing one. There can be stiff penalties for having a TASER® illegally in areas with regulations against them.

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The biggest reason that makes the stun gun so effective is how it interacts with the body’s electrical system. TASERs® and stun guns each affect the body differently. But first, the body’s electrical system.

The best part is that the electrodes allow you to affect a larger portion of muscles, depending on their spread. Any part of the body becomes a great target because of the way TASERs® affect the human body.

Overall, this light is a catch-all for errors that involve the heart of your car or truck. It is basically a warning light to represent the thousands of possible issues that your engine computer can watch for. This may include things like, wrong air fuel mixture, bad spark plugs, low fluid levels, problems with the emission control system, etc.

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One of the newest self-defense weapons is the liquid-filled TASER®. This TASER® allows you to tase an assailant from further away than a regular TASER® without making contact with them at all. These devices work the same as standard TASERs®, except they use a liquid stream instead of wires.

This happens because the computer system in your car works to find problems, by monitoring the effects it can see. It then makes assumptions about what the cause is. Often times, these assumptions involve assuming that 10-15 different parts in the system are working just fine.

A correctional officer carries a remote control that operates the belt making it easy to activate the belt. If an inmate acts out, the belt delivers a high voltage charge to the kidneys.

When the vehicle arrives, be sure the shop is capable of performing actual diagnostics on the system that is being affected. In most cases, reading a code will NOT tell you what is wrong. It may help you understand what part of the system is being affected, but doesn’t tell you (or your mechanic) why.

Some vehicles even have just a small engine emblem, with no description of what the light is. Other vehicles might say Service Engine Soon instead of ‘Check Engine’.

You can also use stun belts to immobilize someone, and they are mostly used in the prison system to control prisoners during transport and court proceedings. The belt itself is woven with thousands of volts capable of sending a charge through the person's body.

Once you pick the glass up, the sensitive nerve cells send an electrical signal to the brain that tells you what the glass feels like in your hand. It really is an amazing process.

With modern vehicles, there are so many warning lights that can come on – it’s hard to keep track of them all. New cars can flash an ABS light, traction control, airbag, collision warning, check engine, or myriad other lights.

It was a glass jar partially filled with water and corked. The cork was penetrated by a nail or wire that dipped into the water. You charged the jar by contacting the exposed end of the nail or wire with some type of friction device that created static electricity. You could demonstrate a charge by touching the nail or wire with your hand and break the contact, which would shock you.

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The best advice when a red-colored dash light comes on – is to stop the vehicle, call a tow provider, and have the vehicle towed to your repair shop of choice (provided they are equipped to diagnose, and repair the problem).

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TASERs® and TASER® XREPS are both designed to cause pain in addition to their electrical current. But the TASER® is not going to knock someone out unless they're hit on the head with it.

When you stun an assailant, the high voltage allows a charge to pass through their skin and clothing. But at three milliamps, the charge isn’t intense enough to damage the attacker’s body unless you apply the stun gun for an extended period.

It shoots TASERs® at up to 50 yards away and has the ability to charge those TASERs® with heavier cartridges, giving them more power and range. It can be a great help with subduing large animals like a cow that has escaped the stock sale and threatens people in a downtown area. And since it isn’t lethal, it doesn’t kill the animal.

After a quick Google search, they’ll find stories of people replacing their Oxygen Sensors. However, after buying a new Oxygen Sensor, or maybe even all four… they find that the Check Engine Light still comes back on after a few days, for the same code!

Many people aren’t aware of the difference between volts and amps, so let's start there. Voltage is the measure of the pressure that allows the flow of electrons, while amperage is the volume of electrons.

A perfect example is the common ’02 sensor code’ – many times people will have a Check Engine light that comes on, and goes off after a while of driving. They’ll use a free code scan, or code-reader at a parts store, and find a code with a description like ‘System Too Lean – Bank 1.’

The reality may be, that one of those parts may have failed, causing the ‘bad data’ that made the computer trigger the Check Engine Light. But it is just as likely, that an engine problem exists, or something is affecting the data before it comes to the computer, or perhaps multiple parts failed at once!

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If your shop isn’t able to perform a diagnostic test on the parts of the system that turned on the light, you should find a mechanic who can.

Stun guns and Tasers are great options for self-defense; just make sure you check with state and local laws before you buy one. These less-lethal self-defense weapons have taken protection to a whole different level by incapacitating an assailant so you can get away.

TASERs® can be very painful, and they work in a couple of different ways. One is by shooting two electrodes into the victim's skin from each side about an inch apart. The other way is called drive stun, where you take off the cartridge and drive the probes directly into the assailant's body, similar to how stun guns work.

The whole idea behind a stun gun is that it disrupts this whole communication process. Stun guns generate a low amperage, high-voltage electrical charge that disrupts the electrical system in your body.  Put simply, the charge doesn’t have much intensity, but there is a lot of pressure behind it.